Types of feces. Bristol feces scale scale

Our chair can learn a lot about our health. The shape and types of feces help to recognize what is happening inside the body. When our intestines are healthy, then the stool should be normal. If, nevertheless, sometimes you notice episodic cases of unhealthy feces, do not sound an alarm, it depends on the food. But if the symptoms become regular, it is necessary to consult a doctor, take tests and undergo a prescribed examination.

What should be the feces

Normally, normal feces are considered if it has a consistency of toothpaste. It should be soft, brown, 10-20 cm long. Defecation should occur without special stress, easily. Small deviations from this description should not disturb immediately. The chair (or feces) can vary from a way of life, errors in a food. Beetroot gives a red color at the output, and fatty food makes the stool foul-smelling, too soft and pop-up. You need to be able to independently evaluate all the characteristics (shape, color, consistency, buoyancy), let's talk about this in more detail.

Colour

Types of feces vary in color. It can be brown (healthy color), red, green, yellow, white, black:

• Red color . Such a color can arise as a result of the intake of food colorings or beets. In other cases, red stool becomes due to bleeding in the lower part of the intestine. Most all fear cancer, but often this may be due to the manifestation of diverticulitis or hemorrhoids.
• Green color . A sign of the presence of bile. Too quickly moving on the intestines, the feces do not have time to take a brown color. Green shade is a consequence of taking iron or antibiotics, consuming a large amount of greenery rich in chlorophyll, or additives such as wheatgrass, chlorella, spirulina. Dangerous causes of green feces are Crohn's disease, celiac disease or irritable bowel syndrome.
• Yellow color . Yellow feces are a sign of infection. It also indicates dysfunction of the gallbladder, when bile is not enough and there are excess fat.
• White stool is a sign of diseases such as hepatitis, bacterial infection, cirrhosis, pancreatitis, cancer. The cause may be stones in the gallbladder. Do not stain the stool because of the obstruction of bile. The white color of feces can be considered harmless if you took barium before x-ray examination the day before.
• Black color or dark green indicates possible bleeding in the upper intestine. A non-hazardous sign is considered if it is a consequence of eating some foods (lots of meat, dark vegetables) or iron.

The form

The form of stool can also tell a lot about internal health. Thin feces (reminiscent of a pencil) should alert. Perhaps some obstacle prevents passage in the lower part of the intestine or there is pressure from the outside on the thick section. It can be any kind of neoplasm. In this case, it is necessary to perform a colonoscopy to exclude a diagnosis such as cancer.

Hard and small feces indicate constipation. The reason may be an inadequate diet where fiber is excluded. In food, you need to eat foods that are high in fiber, exercise, take flaxseed or psyllium husks - all contribute to improving bowel motility, easing the stool.

Too mild feces that cling to the toilet bowl contain too much oil. This suggests that the body does not absorb it well. You can even notice the floating oil drops. In this case, it is necessary to check the condition of the pancreas.

In small doses, mucus in feces is a normal phenomenon. But if it is too much, this may indicate the presence of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease.

Other Features

According to its characteristics, the feces of an adult are directly related to lifestyle and nutrition. What can cause an unpleasant smell? Pay attention to the fact that you eat more often. The offensive smell is also associated with taking certain medications, it can manifest itself as a symptom of some inflammatory process. In cases of food intake disorders (Crohn's disease, cystic fibrosis, celiac disease), this symptom is also manifested.

Floating stools alone should not cause concern. If the pop up stool has too unpleasant smell, contains a lot of fat, this is a symptom of poor absorption in the intestines of nutrients. At the same time, body weight is quickly lost.

Coprogram is ...

Hymus, or food gruel, moves through the gastrointestinal tract, the feces of the mass form in the large intestine. At all stages, splitting occurs, followed by absorption of nutrients. The composition of the chair helps determine if there are any abnormalities in the internal organs. Coprological research helps to identify a variety of diseases. The coprogram is the conduct of chemical, macroscopic, microscopic studies, after which a detailed description of the feces is given. Certain diseases can reveal a coprogram. These can be disorders of the stomach, pancreas, intestines; Inflammatory processes in the digestive tract, dysbiosis, malabsorption, colitis.

Bristol scale

British doctors at the Royal Hospital in Bristol have developed a simple but unique scale that characterizes all the major types of stool. The creation of it was the result of the fact that the experts encountered the problem that people are reluctant to disclose on this topic, the embarrassment prevents them from telling in detail about their chair. According to the developed drawings, it became very easy, without any embarrassment or embarrassment, to self-characterize your own emptying. Currently, the Bristol scale of feces is used around the world to assess the performance of the digestive system. For many, listing the table (types of feces) on the wall in your own toilet is nothing more than a way to keep track of your health.

1st type. Sheep feces

It is called so because it has the shape of hard balls and resembles the feces of sheep. If for animals this is a normal result of intestinal work, then for a person such a chair is a signal of alarm. Sheep pellets are a sign of constipation, dysbiosis. Hard feces can cause hemorrhoids, damage to the anus and even lead to intoxication of the body.

2nd type. Thick sausage

What does the feces look like? This is also a sign of constipation. Only in this case there are bacteria and fibers in mass. It takes several days to form such a sausage. Its thickness exceeds the width of the anus, so emptying is difficult and can lead to cracks and ruptures, hemorrhoids. It is not recommended to prescribe for yourself laxatives, as the sharp output of stool can be very painful.

3rd type. Sausage with cracks

Very often people consider this chair to be normal, because it passes easily. But do not be mistaken. Hard sausage is also a sign of constipation. With the act of defecation, you have to strain, which means there is a possibility of anal fissures. In this case, the presence of irritable bowel syndrome is possible .

4 th type. Perfect chair

The diameter of the sausage or snake is 1-2 cm, the stool is smooth, soft, easy to pressure. Regular stools once a day.

5 th type. Soft balls

This type is even better than the previous one. Formed a few soft pieces that gently exit. Usually occurs with a rich intake of food. Stool several times a day.

6th type. Unformed chair

Kal leaves pieces, but unformed, having torn edges. Leaves easily, without hurting the anus. This is not a diarrhea, but a condition close to it. The causes of this type of stool can be laxatives, increased blood pressure, excessive consumption of spices, and mineral water.

7th type. Liquid chair

A watery stool that does not include any particles. Diarrhea, requiring the identification of causes and treatment. This is an abnormal state of the body that needs treatment. There can be many reasons: fungi, infections, allergies, poisoning, liver and stomach diseases, malnutrition, helminths and even stress. In this case, do not postpone the visit to the doctor.

Act of defecation

Each organism is characterized by an individual frequency of defecation. Normally, it is three times a day to three bowel movements a week. Ideally - once a day. Many factors affect the motility of our intestines, and this should not cause concern. Travel, nervous tension, diet, taking certain medications, diseases, surgery, childbirth, exercise, sleep, hormonal changes - all this can be reflected in our stool. It is worth paying attention to how the act of defecation occurs. If excessive efforts are made, then this indicates certain malfunctions in the body.

Cal in children

Many mothers are interested in what should be feces in infants. This factor should be paid special attention, since at an early age, gastrointestinal diseases are particularly difficult. At the first suspicions to address to the pediatrist follows immediately.

In the first days after birth, meconium (dark color) emerges from the body. During the first three days, light feces begin to be mixed . On the 4th-5th day the feces completely replace meconium. In chest feeding, feces of golden yellow color - a sign of the presence of bilirubin, pasty-like, homogeneous, has an acid reaction. At the 4th month, bilirubin is gradually replaced by sterocobilin.

Types of feces in children

With different pathologies, there are several types of feces in children that you need to know about in order to prevent various diseases and unpleasant consequences in time.

• "Hungry" feces . Color black, dark green, dark brown, odor unpleasant. Occurs with improper feeding or starvation.
• Acholic feces . Whitish gray color, discolored, clayey. With epidemic hepatitis, atresia of the biliary tract.
• Putrefaction . It is mushy, dirty-gray, with an unpleasant odor. It occurs with protein feeding.
• Soapy . Silvery, shiny, soft, with mucus. When feeding is not diluted with cow's milk.
• Fat cal . With a sour smell, whitish, a little slime. When consuming excess fat.

• Constipation . Gray color, firm consistency, putrefactive odor.
• Watery yellow feces . When breastfeeding because of a lack of milk in the mother of nutrients.
• Kashitseobrazny, sparse feces , yellow. Formed in an overabundance of porridge feeding (for example, manna).
• Cal at dyspepsia . With slime, coagulated, yellow-green in color. Occurs when a disorder in the diet.