The main methods of scientific knowledge in philosophy

To gain new knowledge, science uses the usual methods that every person uses daily, both at home and at work. Among the various techniques of reasoning can be identified analysis, design, prediction, abstraction and so on. The methods of scientific knowledge in philosophy distinguish empirical and theoretical levels. In this case, the main sources of empirical knowledge are observation and experiment.

Observation and experiment - specifically scientific methods of cognition. Observation is a method of obtaining knowledge, in which a person looks at what is happening without personal interference in the ongoing reality. On the contrary, the experiment is a method of obtaining empirical knowledge based on an independent selection of conditions and the ability to guide the flow of the process with their help.

Specifically, scientific methods of cognition are used in two fundamental levels of science - empirical and theoretical. Both are closely interrelated and used together in any study. So, in order to begin the experiment, it is necessary to set some goal, an interesting fact, that is, something that can be verified with the help of various methods. After all, simple information statistics, sampling, collection of material on the basis of observation, and so on. After the collection of facts, the information processing stage begins , suggesting the derivation of regularities, features, sequences, laws, and so on, it is here that the methods of scientific knowledge in philosophy are most actively used. On the basis of a concrete practical basis, science is based as such, because any theory must be confirmed in practice, for the purpose of scientific research is the elucidation of objective, true knowledge.

In the course of theoretical substantiation of the experiment, the scientist must use theoretical thinking, which also has its own varieties. In ancient times the teaching used thought experiments, through which the development of possible variants of the behavior of idealized objects occurred. To date, the thought process has replaced mathematical thinking, which allows you to reduce the processing time of information and obtain regularities at times. Also, scientists can not do without a philosophical view of any process. After all, it is the methods of scientific knowledge in philosophy that make it possible to attach it to the vision of the general picture of the world.

In addition, the methods of scientific knowledge in philosophy were especially important in the critical stages of scientific development. Hypotheses and generalizations of scientists have always accompanied the most valuable scientific discoveries and achievements. Philosophical methods contribute to a more accurate description and understanding of the reality of the process being studied.

All scientific achievements are actively used in practice. This is ensured by the principles of scientific knowledge:
- the use of the total experience accumulated by mankind for the entire period of its existence,
- the derivation of regularities by means of discrepancies, hypotheses, concepts, abstractions and other methods,
- strict subordination and organization of scientific knowledge,
- the truth and objectivity of scientific knowledge,
- Science - a body of knowledge, a huge system that combines many scientific methods.

Principles of scientific knowledge are important for the further development and deepening of the knowledge base. The methods used in the private sciences differ, but often overlap. The most important device driving science in any field is mathematics. Calculations using calculators first, then computer programs many times accelerated the possibility of processing information. Scientific and technological progress has affected not only the acceleration in the processing of information, but also the possibility of creating a single, easily accessible scientific base. In the Internet, anyone who wants can find the right information on the topic of interest in our time. This is important primarily for scientists, since it greatly facilitates the search for old and new information.