The heating in the apartment building. Distribution of heating. Plastic pipes for heating

The person who has become the new owner of the house, often faces the problem of rusty and dilapidated pipes. No wonder, because if the house has served more than one year, then surely such systems as water supply, heating and sewerage, significantly worn out.

Other problems start to emerge here. For example, a heating stand in an apartment building is a common property, for the replacement of which all tenants must pay. And if the maintenance of the house is carried out by the housing administration, and the replacement of the riser is urgent (for example, in case of an accident), then the problem falls on the shoulders of the staff of this institution.

Features of replacement of risers and heating pipes

To replace the heating pipe, you must perform the following steps in sequence:

1. Close and drain the water.
2. With the help of the Bulgarian, cut out the old pipes and pull them out of the slabs.
3. Determine the location of the battery and install it using the level and punch.

Advice: before the beginning of work it is better to get permission from neighbors living from above and from below, because if in the ceilings the heating pipe remains the same, repair will lose its meaning.

System wiring

It is important to remember that the installation should be carried out in accordance with the level, since a skew inevitably leads to the accumulation of air and the poor functioning of the battery. Far from being superfluous is the purchase of cutoff valves, which allow to block the site (for example, if a leak happened), without violating the operation of the system as a whole.

If you plan to perform independent assembly work, the best option is metal-plastic pipes, which easily accept any form. Special threaded connections allow fastening.

The heating distribution requires the purchase of metal pipes (preferably stainless steel).

Drawing up the scheme

Installation work can not be started without the most detailed scheme. For this it is necessary to determine the type of heating, the type of the system and the ways of laying the pipes.

The heating distribution can be two-pipe or one-pipe. The first option provides for direct and reverse wiring. So it will be easier to regulate the temperature in the house. After the completion of the calculation of the number of pipes, their length and diameter, you can proceed with the installation work.

Variants of schemes of spreaders for heating

If the preference was given to a single-pipe vertical system, then the top floor or attic space should be chosen as the location of the supply line. Thus, a vertical heating riser will be able to supply the heat transfer medium to each heating device.

The advantage of this is the economical use of pipes, and the disadvantage is the inability to separate the heating devices separately.

In the case of laying a two-pipe vertical heating system with a lower wiring, the feed and return line should be carried directly over the floor or slightly above its surface. This allows each radiator to be provided with its coolant. This choice leads to an increase in the length of the pipeline, but it allows you to adjust the heating and turn off the heating device at any time.

The horizontal two-pipe system assumes the laying of the return and supply pipeline along the perimeter. Each heating device must be equipped with a special crane, which allows air to be released from the structure. This scheme assumes floor heating off and the use of radiators with a lower connection.

The choice of a two-pipe floor collector system involves the installation of a supply and return manifold. During installation, plastic pipes for heating are used.

Switch off riser

How to properly switch off the heating pipe? The lower spill is a pair connection. The simplest version of determining its location is to go up to the apartment located on the floor above and get acquainted with the location of the jumpers.

If the house is overflowed, then switching off the heating riser will involve overlapping one valve in both the basement and the attic. How do you determine where they are located? The main thing is to choose the right entrance, and the calculation of the position of the valve itself is easy. After closing both cranes, you need to unscrew the plugs and open the reliefs. A complete check of the water should be followed by a check of the serviceability of the shut-off valve. Everything, the heating pipes in the apartment building are off!

Important! Implementation of works during the heating season is possible only if there is access to the apartment located at the top. If no one lives in it, the start of heating will not be possible.

The easiest way to disconnect the heater is to cut the lining to it. Then the lock nut is given, and the edge of the piping is unscrewed from the radiator plug.

How to choose the right place for cutting the riser? It all depends on the relationship with the neighbors, living above and below. Practice shows that the heating riser is better to change through the overlap, since the destruction of pipes by corrosion is most often observed in places of contact with concrete.

Metal-Plastic Pipes

The modern market has a huge assortment, so the buyer only needs to decide which plastic pipes for heating he wants to install.

Main types:

• Metal-plastic;
• Polypropylene;
• Cross-linked polyethylene.

The positive characteristics of the first include:

• Resistance to corrosion, hence, a long service life;
• Excellent patency and constant diameter, as the formation of salt deposits is impossible;
• A low level of roughness of the inner layer, which guarantees a minimum loss of pressure of the coolant;
• Minimum linear expansion, and this is the most important indicator for heating, especially if there is a hidden wiring;
• High values of frost resistance.

Why do metal-plastic pipes have such high technical characteristics? It's all about the multilayer structure: polyethylene (2 layers), aluminum foil (1 layer) and adhesive composition (2 layers). In addition, metal-plastic pipes can boast the following properties:

1. The maximum operating temperature is 95 ° C.
2. The working pressure parameter at the above temperature is 10 atm.
3. When the temperature drops to 25 ° C, the working pressure increases to 25 atm.
4. The temperature is allowed to reach 130 ° C for a short time.

Polypropylene pipes

The heating rack in the apartment is often connected with polypropylene pipes. They have many positive qualities. These include:

• affordable price;
• Flexibility, allowing to obtain any desired shape;
• Long service life;
• Good resistance to high temperatures;
• High thermal conductivity.

Pipes made of cross-linked polyethylene

The heating system can also be extended by a pipe made of cross-linked polyethylene-material, which is not afraid of high temperature effects. Polyethylene itself is soft and plastic, which is incompatible with heating, but scientists have been able to identify a method that turns it into a strong product.

Technical characteristics of cross-linked polyethylene:

• Operating temperature maximum - 95 ° C;
• Ability to withstand pressure up to 7 atm .;
• A decrease in temperature to 70 ° C increases the working pressure to 11 atm.

Compliance with the maximum load threshold guarantees a service life of XLPE pipes of at least 50 years. We can not ignore the high indexes of flexibility of finished products. In addition, almost all manufacturers produce a long-length hose (the bay can reach 200 m), which provides a seamless construction of the heating system. Minimized number of joints reduces the likelihood of possible leaks.