The capital of Yakutia. Republic of Sakha (Yakutia): cities and districts

The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the subject of the Russian Federation, the leader in terms of the area occupied by the territory. At the same time, many Russians about this region and the people living there have only a vague idea, which has developed on the basis of long-obsolete data. Therefore, it makes sense to learn a little more about what the capital of Yakutia-Yakutsk represents itself, what the history of this city is and what other large settlements there are on the territory of this republic.

Basic information

The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), or, as it was then called, the Yakut ASSR, was formed in the first years after the establishment of Soviet power in the region. It is the largest administrative-territorial unit, but it occupies one of the last places in the Russian Federation in terms of population density. At the same time, its land is incredibly rich in natural resources, which, if properly used, can become a source of real breakthrough in the sphere of the economy of the republic.

Yakutia borders on the Chukotka Autonomous District, Magadan, Irkutsk and Amur Oblasts, Khabarovsk, Krasnoyarsk and Trans-Baikal Territories. In addition, in the north its banks are washed by the East Siberian Sea and the Laptev Sea.

Climate

The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (the capital - Yakutsk) has a sharply continental climate, with a very short summer and a long winter (from April to October), when the air temperature can drop to -50 degrees. As for the summer, in the "hottest" month - July - the thermometer's column barely reaches +18 degrees.

Sakha (Yakutia): the capital

On the vast territory of the republic there are just a little more than two dozen cities and towns of urban type. Among them, the main is the capital of Yakutia. This is the city of Yakutsk, where 294,000 people live, most of whom are of indigenous nationality. It consists of 8 districts, which also includes seven suburban villages.

In 2010, the capital of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) fell into the list of twenty best cities in Russia for the Forbes magazine business, in which it took the thirteenth place.

History of Yakutsk (briefly)

In 1643, the territory of the modern city was moved Lensky prison, founded by a hundredth Peter Pett Beketov 20 years earlier. Then it was renamed to Yakutsk, and also proclaimed the administrative center of the entire Lena region. Despite this, for a long time the city resembled a large settlement, and its development began only in 1907, when by a personal tsar's decree there was appointed governor I. Kraft. By his order, the capital of Yakutia was electrified and telephoned, and the first museum was opened there.

Architectural sights of Yakutsk

As already mentioned, the capital of Yakutia was founded more than 370 years ago, so there you can see many different historical and cultural monuments. In particular, in the Old Town area, you can see many old buildings and their modern reconstructions giving an idea of what Yakutsk looked like 100-200 years ago. In general, it is considered the best place for walking tours, there even the sidewalks and the roadway are paved with chocks. Therefore, the capital of Yakutia is remembered among tourists, including as a place where they walked along the "wooden" streets.

Monuments

The capital of Yakutia Sakha, photo of which will become an ornament of your tourist album, will be interesting to fans of monuments and sculptural compositions. In particular, there you can see a unique sculpture of a mammoth, which was installed in the courtyard of the Permafrost Institute, in the place where a well-preserved corpse of this animal was found. Another image of the prehistoric relative of modern elephants is next to the new building of the Yakutian circus. And on the back of the mammoth are two gilded acrobat. In addition, in the capital of the republic you can see a monument of friendship depicting the first family, created by the Russian and the Yakut people, and their baby-half-breed. Like all citizens of the former USSR, the inhabitants of Yakutia took part in the defense of their great Motherland during the Great Patriotic War. In memory of those who never returned from the battlefield, a Victory stele was installed.

Museums

The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (the capital is Yakutsk) Has a distinct culture. To get acquainted with it, you should visit the local museums. They are a little less than a dozen, but there you can see unique examples of decorative and applied art of the republic. For example, magnificent collections are represented in the United Museum of History and Culture of the Peoples of the North and in the museum of hummus music.

Theaters and concert halls

In Yakutsk there are several places for organizing cultural leisure. For example, lovers of classical music can visit the local Opera and Ballet Theater, founded in 1971, and at the Russian Drama Theater named after Pushkin they are invited to become spectators of plays created by works of Russian and foreign playwrights.

This cultural institution is also known for hosting all the most significant events in the public life of the republic, including the inauguration of the president.

Circus and Zoo

The Republic of Yakutia (the capital - Yakutsk) has been pursuing a policy under the slogan "All the best for children" for several years, as the authorities understand how important it is to provide the most comfortable conditions for their small citizens, deprived of the severe weather conditions of many entertainments available to their peers from other Regions. In particular, for them in the capital operates the only diamond circus in the Arctic, in the troupe of which there are more than 60 artists.

The favorite place to visit the Yakut children is the "Orto-Doydu" zoo, the only one in the world that operates in extreme cold conditions. There you can see not only animals living in the region, but also "guests" from Africa, North and South America and Australia. In addition, there is a branch in the zoo where any wild animal that is in trouble is ready to receive and cure.

The capital of Yakutia: temples

In the city there are several churches and religious buildings built in different years. In particular, you can visit the St. Nicholas Church, which is the only building of this kind, retaining its original architectural appearance from the 19th century. The church is notorious for the fact that in the first years of Soviet power, in its fence, the "reds" were shot by those who were considered "censors" - intellectuals and clergy, as well as entrepreneurs, among whom there were many benefactors. Another ancient temple of Yakutsk - Gradoyakut Transfiguration Cathedral - was built in the 20's of the century before last with the money of the merchants Solovyov. It is the main church of the Yakut-Lena Diocese.

Since 1997 the city also operates the Chapel Innocent, Metropolitan of Moscow, which is located in the courtyard of the Museum of the History and Culture of the Peoples of the North.

Since 2005, the city also has a mosque for believing Muslims.

University

The main educational center of the Republic of Sakha Yakutia is the capital, Yakutsk, where more than ten different universities operate, including the North-Eastern Federal University named after MK Amosov. In the higher educational institutions of the city also train specialists in the field of agriculture, pedagogy, art and culture, as well as engineers of various profiles, economists, lawyers, etc. In addition, medical, pedagogical, industrial and pedagogical and other colleges operate in Yakutsk.

Sports objects

In Yakutsk functions a large and superbly equipped ice palace, which is called "Ellie Bootur." There are also several stadiums with artificial cover. Among them are "Tuymaada" and "Youth". Sports sections for children and adults operate in the Sports Palace "50 Years of Victory", as well as at the sports complexes "Triumph", "Sterkh", "Dolgun", "Nugget", "Tandem", "Modun" and "Cholbon".

Districts, towns and villages

The Republic of Sakha is administratively divided into so-called uluses. There are 34 of them, of which 3 are national.

The capital of Yakutia, the photo of which you have already seen, is not the only major settlement of the Sakha Republic. Undoubtedly, it is the most populated and developed, but there are many interesting things in other cities and towns.

• Oymyakon

This village, where there live less than 500 people, is known as one of the "poles of cold" of the planet.

• Diamond

As the name suggests, this urban settlement is the place where the world famous Yakut diamonds are mined.

• Verkhoyansk

The settlement is famous for the fact that politically unreliable citizens who opposed the autocracy, as well as Poles who fought for the independence of their homeland, were exiled there during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

• Lensk

The settlement was founded in the middle of the 17th century. There is an interesting local history museum and a very beautiful monument to the coachman is installed.

• Peaceful

The inhabitants of this city call it the Diamond Capital of Russia. And this is quite justified, since there since 1957 the mining of these precious stones was conducted by the open method.

• Zatai

In Yakutia there are not many enterprises that could compare with the Zhataisk Ship Repair and Shipbuilding Plant. In addition, there is a large oil storage in the village.

Now you know what the Republic of Yakutia is famous for, the capital of which is rapidly developing and attracts tourists who want to get acquainted with the original culture of the peoples of this region.