Education, Colleges and Universities
The Bologna system
The Bologna system was conceived at the end of the last century as a consonant response to globalization in education. By that time, the prerequisites for the creation of a single financial, economic and, in Europe, political space have already been outlined in the world, so there is a need for unity in the educational sphere.
The diversity and fragmentation that characterized the higher education system at the time prevented the unification of one part of the Old World, and the model of the new Europe assumed the unhindered movement of both labor and capital and goods, which, in turn, required comparability and standardization of diplomas.
That's why the Bologna system was created, under which the standards for higher education of the new generation were compiled, in particular, for two-level training: in bachelor's and master's programs.
When entering a university in such a system, a student who has studied for one or two semesters in one country will be able to go on to continue his studies in another, without prejudice to his education. To do this, we needed an updated European single scale of credit units. And so a single standard was introduced: "credits", by means of which the degree of complexity of the subject is assessed, and in the appendix issued with the diploma, the education received by him is described in detail. Each year there are 60 credits.
The Bologna system implies a clear unification of all student documents, which confirm the quality and level of the acquired knowledge. It is these measures that will ensure the employment of European citizens who have received higher education, as well as increase their competitiveness at the international level.
It is established that graduates of the bachelor degree will form the bulk of the workers in a wide field of professional activity, and the magistracy will have an intellectual elite with a narrow profile of specific professions. In addition, the Bologna system allows you to combine the knowledge gained. For example, a student may be a bachelor in one specialty, and a master's degree in another, which will end the practice of a paid second-education system until recently.
The Bologna education system in Russia has given many advantages that will positively affect the national, individual and university levels. Today our country, being a full-fledged member of the process, can already more actively influence the European higher education.
Another important benefit that the Bologna system brought with it was the propaganda of Russian culture. Now a much larger number of Europeans have the opportunity to learn Russian, get acquainted with the traditions of Russian higher education.
Undoubtedly, the prestige of Russian universities has increased, and now they are guaranteed to send their students for a semester or even for a whole academic year to study at European higher education institutions, their attractiveness has also increased for entrants.
By sending its faculty to foreign educational institutions for teaching, universities were able to really improve the qualifications of their teachers.
Very soon, the quality of the proficiency of our teachers or students in foreign languages will be significantly increased, which will give them access to the originals, and not to foreign translational publications, and not only to professional, journalistic and literary ones.
However, by signing the Bologna Declaration of 2003, our country asked the Russian science an equation that has many unknowns. First of all, this is an opportunity to preserve the traditions of our fundamental science known to the whole world, and secondly, the uncertainty about the candidates of science that are not foreseen in the Bologna model of education , and also the fear that the newly graduated baccalaureate graduates will become the banal filling of the niches of today's shortage of specialties.
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