Tatar surnames: list. Tatar writers: names and surnames

The majority of Tatar surnames represent a modified form of the name of one of the male ancestors in the genus. In the more ancient years, it took place on behalf of the father of the family, but at the beginning of the nineteenth century this tendency gradually began to change, and with the advent of Soviet power, not only the sons, but also the grandchildren of the eldest in the family, a common surname was fixed. In the future, it no longer changed and it was worn by all descendants. This practice continues to this day.

Formation of Tatar surnames from professions

The origin of many Tatar surnames (as well as the surnames of other peoples) is obliged to those professions that their bearers were engaged in. So, for example, Urmancheyev - the Urman (forester), Baksheev - baksha (scribe), Karaulov - the caravan (guard), Beketov - becket (tutor of the khan's son), Tukhachevsky - tuhachi (standard bearer), etc. Quite interesting is the origin of the Tatar surnames, which today we consider Russian, for example, "Suvorov" (known from the XV century).

In 1482, the serviceman Goryain Suvorov, who received his surname from the profession of a rider (suvor), was noted by references to him in the annals. In the next centuries, when the descendants of the Suvorov family decided to exalt the origin of their family name a little, a legend was invented about the Swedish ancestor of the Suvor family, who arrived in Russia in 1622 and settled there.

The name Tatishchev is of a completely different origin. Her nephew Ivan Shah - Prince Solomensky, who served Grand Duke Ivan III, was given for the ability to quickly and unmistakably identify thieves. Thanks to his unique ability, he received the nickname "Tate", from which his famous name also originated.

Adjectives as the basis for the emergence of surnames

But much more often Tatar names came from the names of adjectives, which they called a certain person for his distinctive characteristic qualities or special signs.

So, the name of the Bazarovs originated from ancestors born on market days. From the brother-in-law - the husband of his wife's sister, who was called "bazha", the last name was Bazhanov. A friend who was revered as highly as Allah, was called "Veliamin," and the name Veliaminov (Velyaminov) derives from this word.

Men who have the will, desire, called Murad, from them there was a surname Muradov (Muratov); Proud - Bulgakov (Bulgakov); Beloved and loving - Daoud, Davud, Davids (Davydov). Thus, the significance of Tatar surnames has ancient roots.

In the XV-XVII centuries in Russia was rather widespread name Zhdanov. It is believed that it derives its origin from the word "vidzhan", which immediately has two meanings. Thus both passionate lovers and religious fanatics were called. Each of the Zhdanovs can now choose the legend that he likes more.

Differences in pronunciation of names in Russian and Tatar circles

The Tatar surnames that had arisen back in antiquity had long been adapted in Russian society. Quite often we do not even guess the true origin of our patrimonial names, considering them primordially Russian. There are many examples of this, and there are quite amusing options. But even those names that we consider irreplaceable in Russian and purely Tatar society are pronounced with a slight difference. Thus, many Tatar composers whose names and surnames will be listed below have long been perceived as primordially Russian. As well as actors, TV hosts, singers, musicians.

The Russian ending of the Tatar names -in, -ov, -ev and others often in the Tatar environment are smoothed out. For example, Zalilov is pronounced as Zalil, Tukaev as Tukai, Arakcheev-Arakchi. In official papers, as a rule, the ending is used. The only exceptions are the surnames of the individual Mishar clans and Tatar murzas, since they differ somewhat from ordinary Tatar clan names. The reason for this - the formation of names from those names that have not been found in widespread use or forgotten: Yenikey, Akchurin, Diwey. In the name Akchurin "-in" is not an ending, but a part of the ancient name, which also could have several variants of pronunciation.

Tatar names of boys that appeared in different times

On pages of ancient documents, they do not call children long ago. Many of them are of Arab, Persian, Iranian, Turkic origin. Some Tatar names and surnames consist of just a few words. Their interpretation is rather complicated and not always correctly explained.

Ancient names, which for a long time in the Tatar environment boys are not called:

• Babek - baby, baby, little child;
• Babacan is a respected, respectable person;
• Bagdasar - light, a bouquet of rays;
• Badak - highly educated;
• Baibek is a powerful bek (lord);
• Sagaydak - striking enemies like an arrow;
• Suleiman - healthy, lively, prosperous, living calmly;
• Magdanur - the source of rays, light;
• Magdi - leading people behind him along the path that Allah has outlined;
• Zakaria - always mindful of Allah, a real man;
• Zarif - delicate, kind pleasant, beautiful;
• Fagil - hard worker, engaged in something, diligent;
• Satlyk is a bought child. This name has a long ritual meaning. After the birth of the child to protect him from the dark forces, he was given to relatives or acquaintances for a while, and then "bought out" for money, while calling the child Satlik.

Modern Tatar names are nothing more than a Europeanized kind of names formed in the 17th-19th centuries. Among them are Airat, Albert, Ahmet, Bakhtiar, Damir, Zufar, Ildar, Ibrahim, Iskander, Ilyas, Kamil, Karim, Muslim, Ravil, Ramil, Raphael, Raphael, Renat, Said, Timur, Fuat, Hasan, Shamil, Shafqat, Edward, Eldar, Yusup and many others.

Ancient and modern names of girls

Perhaps in remote Tatar villages you can still meet girls named Zulfinur, Hadiya, Naubuhar, Nurinisa, Maryam, but in recent decades, women's names have become more familiar to Europeans, as they are styled for them. Here are just some of them:

• Aigul is a moon flower;
• Alsu - rose water;
• Albina is a white-haired;
• Amina - gentle, faithful, honest. Amina was the mother of the Prophet Muhammad;
• Bella - beautiful;
• Gallia - occupying a high position;
• Guzel - very beautiful, dazzling;
• Dilyara is a joyful heart;
• Zainap - burly, full of build;
• Zulfira - having superiority;
• Zulfia is charming, beautiful;
• Ilnara - the flame of the country, the fire of the people;
• Ilfira - the pride of the country;
• Kadria is worthy of respect;
• Karima - the magnanimous;
• Leila is dark-haired;
• Leysan - generous;
• Naila - reaching the goal;
• Nuria is bright and radiant;
• Rail is the founder;
• Raisa is the leader;
• Regina is the wife of the king, queen;
• Roxana - illuminating with bright light;
• Faina - shining;
• Chulpan - the morning star;
• Elvira - protecting, protecting;
• Elmira - conscientious, illustrious.

Famous and widespread Russian surnames, having a Tatar origin

Basically, Russian surnames of Tatar origin appeared even in the years of the conquest of Rus by the Mongol-Tatars and after the expulsion of the nomads far beyond the boundaries of the Slavic lands by the united Russian-Lithuanian army. The anthroponimics specialists number more than five hundred families of noble and noble Russians who are of Tatar origin. Almost for each of them there is a long and sometimes beautiful story. Basically in this list princely, boyar, count's surnames:

• Abdulovs, Aksakovs, Alabins, Almazovs, Alyabyevs, Anichkovs, Apraksins, Arakcheevs, Arsenievs, Atlasovs;
• Bazhanovs, Bazarovs, Baykovs, Baksheevs, Barsukovs, Bakhtiyarovs, Bajushevs, Beketovs, Bulatovs, Bulgakovs;
• The Veliaminovs;
• Gireyev, Gogol, Gorchakovs;
• The Davydovs;
• Zhdanovs;
• The Zubovs;
• Izmailov;
• Kadyshevs, Kalitins, Karamzins, Karaulovs, Karachinsky, Kartmazovs, Kozhevnikovs (Kozhaevs), Kononovs, Kurbatovs;
• The Lachinovs;
• Mashkovs, Minins, Muratovs;
• Naryshkin, Novokreschenov;
• Ogarev;
• Peshkovs, the Nephews;
• Radishchev, Rastopchiny, Ryazanov;
• Saltanovs, Svistunovs, Suvorovs;
• Tarkhanovs, Tatishchevs, Timiryazevs, Tokmaks, Turgenevs, Tukhachevsky;
• Uvarov, Ulanovs, Ushakovs;
• Khitrovy, Khrushchev;
• Chaadaevs, Chekmarevs, Chemesovs;
• Sharapovs, Sheremetevs, Shishkins;
• Shcherbakovs;
• The Yusupovs;
• Yaushevs.

For example, the first descendants of the Anichkovs were from the Horde. The mention of them is dated 1495 and relates to Novgorod. The Atlasov family received their name from a fairly common typical Tatar name - Atlasi. Kozhevnikovs began to be called so after in 1509 entered the service to Ivan III. What was their ancestral name before this is for certain unknown, but it is assumed that their surname included the word "hodge", which meant "lord."

Writers-Tatars, who brought glory to their people in the Soviet era

Listed above, considered as Russian, but by origin Tatar surnames, the list of which is far from complete, are mostly well-known to the current generation. Great writers, actors, politicians, military leaders glorified them. They are considered Russian, but their ancestors were Tatars. The great culture of their people was glorified by completely different people. Among them there are famous writers, which should be discussed in more detail.

The most famous of them are:

• Abdurakhman Absalyamov is a writer and prose writer of the 20th century. His essays, short stories, novels "The Golden Star", "Gazinur", "Fire inextinguishable" were published both in Tatar and in Russian. Absalyamov translated into Russian "Spring on the Oder" Kazakevich, "Young Guard" Fadeyev. He translated not only Russian writers, but also Jack London, Guy de Maupassant.
• Fathi Burnash, the real name and surname of whom Fathelislam Burnashev is a poet, prose writer , translator, publicist, theatrical Activist. He is the author of many dramatic and lyrical creations, enriched both Tatar fiction and theater.
• Karim Tinchurin, in addition to being famous as a writer, he is also an actor and a playwright, is among the founders of a professional Tatar theater.
• Gabdulla Tukay is the most beloved and esteemed poet, publicist, public figure and literary critic.
• Gabdulgaziz Munasypov is a writer and poet.
• Mirkhaydar Faizullin is a poet, playwright, publicist, compiler of a collection of folk songs.
• Zahir (Zagir) Jarullah angles - Writer, founder of Tatar realistic prose, public and religious figure.
• Rizaitdin Fakhretdinov - both Tatar and Bashkir writer, scientist, religious figure. In his works he repeatedly raised the problem of women's emancipation, he was a supporter of familiarizing his people with European culture.
• Sharif Baigildiev, who took the pseudonym Kamal, - a writer, an outstanding playwright and translator, the first to translate into the Tatar language "Virgin Soil Upturned."
• Kamal Galiaskar, whose real name is Galiaskar Kamaletdinov, was true Classic of the Tatar drama.
• Yavdat Ilyasov wrote about the ancient and medieval history of Central Asia.

Tatar names were also glorified and Naki Isanbet, Ibrahim Ghazi, Salih Battalov, Ayaz Gilyazov, Amirkhan Yeniki, Atilla Rasikh, Angam Atnabaev, Shaykhi Mannur, Shahehelislam Mannurov, Garifzyan Ahunov left their greatest mark in their native literature. There is among them a woman - Fawziya Bayramova - a writer, a prominent politician, human rights activist. The famous Polish writer Henryk Sienkiewicz, who came from Polish-Lithuanian Tatars, can also be added to this list.

Tatar writers, whose names and surnames are listed above, lived and worked in Soviet times, but modern Tatarstan also has someone to be proud of.

Writers of Tatarstan of a later period

Undoubtedly, Shaukat Galliev deserved the greatest glory among his compatriots with his high literary talent. The real name of the writer is Idiatullin, he took his pseudonym on behalf of his father. Galliev is an outstanding son of his generation, the brightest representative of the Tatar writers of the second half of the XX century.

Worthy of all respect for the Tatar people and Raul Mir-Khaidarov, received high recognition in the Soviet and later Russian years. Like Rinat Mukhamadiev, and Kavi Najmi.

Let us recall some other names of Tatar writers known outside the republic: Razil Valeev, Zarif Bashiri, Vahit Imamov, Rafkat Karami, Gafur Kulakhmetov, Mirsei Amir, Foat Sadriev, Hamit Samikhov, Ildar Uzeyev, Yunus Mirgaziyan.

So, Razil Valeev from 1981 to 1986 headed the board of the Writers 'Union of the USSR, from 1981 to the present - a member of the board of the Writers' Union of Tatarstan. And Foat Sadriev is the author of about twenty plays for the theater, a member of the Writers' Union. His works have long been of interest to Tatar and Russian theatrical figures.

Great Tatar composers and artists

Outstanding Tatar writers whose names and names are highly valued by enlightened minds in the entire post-Soviet space have undoubtedly contributed to the glorification of their people as well as the famous violinist Alina Ibragimova and many famous sportsmen: football players, hockey players, basketball players , Wrestlers. They play and listen to millions of people. But after a while their tracks will be erased by new idols who came to replace them, which will be applauded by halls and tribunes, whereas writers, as well as composers, artists, sculptors have left their mark for centuries.

Talent Tatar artists left their legacy for descendants in the canvases. The names and surnames of many of them are known both on their native land and in the Russian Federation. Suffice it to recall only Harris Yusupov, Lutfull Fattahov, Baki Urmanche, so that true lovers and connoisseurs of contemporary painting understand who it is.

Worthy mentioning and famous Tatar composers. Such as died at the front in the Great Patriotic Farid Yarullin, the author of the famous ballet "Shurale", in which the incomparable Maya Plisetskaya danced; Nazib Zhiganov, who received the honorary title of People's Artist of the USSR in 1957; Latif Hamidi, among whose works the opera, the people's favorite waltzes; Enver Bakirov; Salih Saidashev; Aidar Gainullin; Sonia Gubaidullina, who wrote music for the cartoon "Mowgli", 25 movies, among them "Scarecrow" Rolan Bykov. These composers around the world glorified the Tatar names.

Famous contemporaries

Almost every Russian knows Tatar names, the list of which includes Baria Alibasova, Yury Shevchuk, Dmitry Malikov, Sergei Shokurov, Marat Basharov, Chulpan Khamatov, Zemfira, Alsu, Timati, whose real name is Timur Yunusov. In the midst of singers, musicians, cultural figures, they will never get lost, and they all have Tatar roots.

The land of Tatarstan is rich and outstanding sportsmen, whose names can not be listed, there are so many of them. What kinds of sports they represent, it was said above. Each of them glorified not only the name of its kind, but also its entire territory with its ancient history. Many of them also have very beautiful Tatar names - Nigmatullin, Izmailov, Zaripov, Bilyaletdinov, Yakupov, Dasayev, Safin. For each not only the talent of its carrier, but also an interesting story of origin.