Special keys on the keyboard. Name of special keys on the keyboard

The keyboard is the main means of entering data by the user into the computer. In English, it is designated by the word keyboard - "button board." The classic version of the keyboard has 101 or 102 buttons. Manufacturers of computer peripherals are constantly improving the keyboards. Therefore , the computer keyboard, layout, hot keys, symbols, signs can be placed differently on different models of these devices.

For convenience of studying the possibilities of keyboard input data, all keys can be divided into segments, each of which is responsible for certain functions.

Digital and alphabet dial keys

The keyboard and keys on it, used to enter texts and commands, occupy most of this peripheral device. Most buttons have on their front side images of figures, letters, punctuation marks or special icons. By default, all input letters are lowercase, that is, small. On each button there is an image of the English alphabet, next to the letter of the Russian alphabet. Sometimes there are three symbols, for example, to make it easier to enter text in Ukrainian, for example, a button with the English letter S denotes both the Russian letter "i" and the Ukrainian "i", depending on the selected input language.

The second row on top is occupied by buttons intended for entering numbers. As with the alphabetic keys, on the front surface of each but the number, there are certain symbols, often found in different texts. To switch to printing these characters, you need to use the service keys.

The numeric and alphabetic keys are considered basic. To find out which keys are special on the keyboard, it is quite simple - they are not responsible for direct tsifirovno-alphabetic input data, and help the user to work with information.

General purpose of special keys

The name of the special keys on the keyboard corresponds to their main functions. All kinds of keys can be divided into several categories.

• Keys intended for executing service commands.
• Keys for editing.
• Special keys.
• Keys responsible for performing various functions.
• Keys with which you can control the cursor.
• Additional (auxiliary) buttons.

Keyboard shortcuts

Service buttons on the keyboard five: Shift, Caps Lock, Ctrl, Num Lock, Alt. These special keys on the keyboard change the usual purpose of other buttons, so they are also called modifier keys.

The default Shift key is for capital letters. If you press Shift while the Caps Lock indicator is on, the letters will be printed in the lowercase. The Shift key is also used to control the cursor, by pressing this button and the arrow keys, you can move it on the monitor.

The Caps Lock button (full capitals lock) is intended for constant change of letters from lowercase to uppercase and vice versa. If you need to enter a large text in capital letters, you can use the Caps Lock button. If you press this key once, the indicator on the right will light up, and all letters in the text will be typed in capital letters. When the button is pressed twice, the indicator goes out and the letters are typed as uppercase.

The Ctrl (Control) key is a button that converts the specified parameter values, its functions are manually set and can differ depending on the user selected by the program.

The Num Lock button is for simplifying the numeric input. Translated from English, as a fixation of numbers. When the button is pressed once, the corresponding indicator lights up and the number keys on the right side of the keyboard become available. When Num Lock is off, the right side keys perform the cursor control function .

Thus, the indicator helps you determine which keys are special on the keyboard and whether Caps Lock and Num lock are in working mode.

The Alt (alternate) button, like the Ctrl key above, changes the options of the other keys. As a rule, it expands the capabilities of other keyboard buttons, its narrow values can also vary from program to program. Verbatim translation from English - alternation, change. In addition, in some programs, the left and right Alt are responsible for different tasks and do not duplicate each other.

The button Print Screen will help to photograph the picture on the display and save it as an image.

The Pause Break button is used to pause the OS download or to download files and applications

Keys for editing

Assigning special keys on the keyboard - to facilitate the user's work in text programs and editors.

The Space button is a long key located in the bottom row of the keyboard. The name of the key speaks for itself - the space is for separating words, symbols and digits from each other.

The Backspace button is responsible for removing characters and symbols to the left of the cursor. Also serves to return to a previously opened browser page or to the previous screen in the program.

The Delete button is responsible for deleting characters to the right of the cursor, removes selected areas of text, tables or images.

Button Insert - switches the keyboard to the replacement mode. This button is used to enter text. The beginning of editing is determined by the agreed point of insertion and replacement of the text already typed in the copied one. For example, if you want to select a desired area in the table and insert it into another database, use the Insert + Ctrl key combination to select the desired part of the table, Shift + Insert to insert this region into the desired location.

Function keys

Functional - these are special keys on the keyboard, which are located in the uppermost row. They are designated as a series of keys from F1 to F12. Each separate button is designed to perform specific options in a particular program. The purpose of each button is prescribed separately. For example, when working with Word documents, the F7 key checks spelling using the dictionary, F5 - performs the "find and replace" option, and F12 offers ways to save the document.

The exception is the F1 key-when you click on the monitor, help information is displayed that makes it easier to work with this program or the operating system.

Special keys

The Esc button cancels the user's last action. The name of the key is translated as "escape, escape". The main option of the key is to return the program to the previous state, or exit the running application. Sometimes it helps if the program stops responding to a user's request.

The Enter button is used to confirm the command, enter it, start the installed programs and applications. In a text editor, pressing a key moves the cursor to a new line.

Tab (tab) is convenient when working with tables, it is used to move from a column to a column. In text editors it serves to indent. In various programs and games this key can be assigned various functions.

Cursor control keys

The cursor keys are located between the alphabet and the shortened numeric keypad. First of all, these are the keys on which arrows are drawn. When you press the key, the cursor moves one position, according to the direction indicated by the arrow.

The Home key returns the cursor to the beginning of the text or page.

The End key moves the cursor to the end of the page or text.

The Page Up and Page Down buttons move the cursor to the next or previous page, respectively.

Auxiliary keys

Special keys on the keyboard that facilitate the user's work with the OS are called auxiliary keys.

The Windows button is the same as pressing the "Start" icon in Windows. The combination of this key with other keys simplifies the user's work. The button usually shows a Windows logo.

The Context button calls the context menu. Its action is the same as pressing the right mouse button.

Thus, special keys on the computer keyboard greatly facilitate the user's work and reveal new possibilities of using the operating system.