Rectum fracture: treatment, symptoms, causes, prevention

Anal fissure is a trauma to the rectal mucosa. The clinical picture accompanying a pathology, can be various enough. But, regardless of the manifestations, you need to see a doctor. Because it should be prescribed to the patient who developed a rectal fissure, treatment. Symptoms of the disease are rather painful. The patient is constantly experiencing discomfort. That is why it is important not to delay the visit to the doctor.

So, let's consider what a rectal fissure is. Treatment, symptoms, causes and methods of prevention - all this will be discussed in the review.

Characteristics of the disease

A rectal fissure is a longitudinal rupture, wound or sore that spontaneously arises on the mucosa. It is localized between the dentate line and the edge of the anal canal. Often a crack is located on the walls of the channel. In length it can reach 2 cm.

Pathology can arise in any person, regardless of age. But most often an ailment is observed in women or in men of advanced years.

It is necessary to pay attention in time to such pathology as a rectal fissure. Treatment, symptoms can not be ignored. The disease, which lasts for a long time, leads to unpleasant consequences. Connective tissues along the edges of the crack begin to expand and become denser. As a result, anal tubercles are formed, from which a fibrous polyp is formed.

Causes

Consider, as a result of which the rectum is injured . Inflammation can occur for many reasons.

Most often, cracks are caused by the following factors:

1. Childbirth. The anal area strongly tends. As a result, mucosal tearing can occur.
2. Misconduct in the postpartum period. The first chair is recommended to be called an enema. You can use laxatives.
3. Lifting weights. This process causes strong pressure on the rectum.
4. Injury is caloric (solid). In this case, infection of the damaged area can occur.
5. Mechanical injuries. They are caused by improper use of enemas, diagnostic tools. The culprit of an ailment can be anal sex.
6. Pathological processes of the small pelvis.
7. Vascular changes. Quite often, hemorrhoids and rectal fissures are diagnosed together. Causes of pathology can be hidden in ischemia of the mucosa, spasm of the sphincter.
8. Wrong way of life. Sluggishness, sedentary work lead to impaired blood flow in the small pelvis. This contributes to the occurrence of cracks.
9. Poor food. Excess in the diet of meat, spicy seasonings, alcohol, and lack of fiber lead to a difficult emptying process. As a result, cracks may form.

Forms of pathology

Depending on the course of the disease, there are two types of pathology such as a rectal fissure. Treatment, symptoms completely depend on the form of the disease. Therefore, consider them.

Doctors distinguish the following types:

1. The acute form. The pain with this pathology is sharp, but not long. It occurs at the time of defecation. After 20 minutes, discomfort passes by itself.
2. Chronic form. Most often, the pain appears after bowel movement and is of a long duration. Sometimes the discomfort worries the patient for hours. Pain can occur after a long sitting. In some cases with a chronic form, such discomfort may be completely absent.

Symptoms

The ailment has few clinical signs. But they are enough for the patient to experience real pain if the rectum is injured.

Inflammation occurring in an acute form is manifested by the following symptoms:

1. Strong pain. Its intensity can be so high that a person is able to lose self-control. Discomfort is of a pulsating nature. This is provoked by a spasm of the sphincter.
2. Fear of another bowel movement. Fearing the occurrence of repeated pain, the patient intentionally delays the process of defecation or resorts to the use of laxatives.
3. The presence of blood. During the emptying of the intestine, scarlet blood can be released. Very rarely there is jet bleeding.
4. Discomfort when viewed. The patient experiences pain when touching the back of the canal occurs.

Anal fissure of the rectum, flowing in a chronic form, has a number of such symptoms:

1. Pain. Its appearance can be preceded by many reasons: bowel evacuation, severe straining, a violation of diet. Unlike the discomfort characteristic of the acute form, the pain syndrome is quite tolerable.
2. Spasms of the sphincter are weakly expressed. Therefore, the pain does not have a sharp burning character.
3. The process of defecation is accompanied by the presence of blood.
4. When examined by a doctor, the sealed and raised edges are identified.

Methods of treatment

There are several methods to combat the disease. The choice of treatment depends entirely on the nature of the disease and clinical manifestations. Appointment of necessary methods can only the doctor after the examination of the patient.

Patient for getting rid of cracks in the rectum can be recommended:

1. Conservative treatment. Drug medications and physiotherapy, backed by diet, can eliminate pain and heal cracks.
2. Minimally invasive method. Laser removal of pathology.
3. Surgical method.

Folk methods are also able to help a patient who has a rectal fissure. Treatment at home can be done only after consultation with a doctor.

Conservative therapy

To combat the disease the following measures are recommended:

1. Dietary food. The patient needs to remove from his diet acidic, salty foods. It is recommended to exclude the use of alcohol and to refuse from tobacco products. Useful black bread, vegetables, fruits, buckwheat, oatmeal. Food should be directed to getting rid of constipation.
2. Warm baths. Hydrotherapy is a great help in fighting the disease, especially in the acute stage. You can use dry heat, in the form of a heating pad.
3. Physiotherapy. These are auxiliary methods. Patient appointed: diathermy, darsonvalization, UHF. Such activities relieve spasm of sphincter, reduce the severity of pain, stimulate wound healing.
4. Healing enemas. These measures are recommended during constipation. This procedure should be performed before each defecation process for 2 weeks.

In addition to such activities, the patient is recommended drug treatment. As a rule, it consists of the following drugs:

1. Candles. With the rectum cracks, the following suppositories can be assigned: Ultra-Proct, Posterizan, Natalside, Proctosan, Salofalk, Relief. Excellent effect will provide a candle with sea buckthorn, propolis.
2. Ointments. Significant relief can bring drugs: "Ultraprotect", "Proctosan", "Levomekol", "Solkoseril", "Posterizan Fort", "Bezornil", "Esculus", "Relief". An excellent effect will provide nitroglycerin ointment.

Surgery

If the conservative method does not give the desired results, the patient is recommended surgical intervention. It is carried out in several ways. The choice is determined by the doctor, who analyzes the patient's condition and features of the disease.

The most common types of operations are:

1. Excision of rectal fissure. The essence of such an intervention is to remove coarsened edges on the damaged surface. Such an operation provides a speedy healing. But, unfortunately, after it the cracks can form again.
2. Sphincterotomy. This is a modern surgical technique that has proved itself well in a pathology such as a rectal fissure. The operation involves cutting the side fibers for relaxation. This technique is very effective. However, it can cause some complications, such as fecal incontinence, fistula formation, bleeding.

Treatment with folk remedies

Do not forget about the old recipes, which from ancient times healed the fissure of the rectum.

Treatment at home can be as follows:

1. Means for internal reception. Benefit will bring tincture of the peony. It has analgesic properties, anti-inflammatory and restorative.
2. For external use. Propolis is an effective folk remedy for the treatment of anal fissures.
3. Compresses. In an equal amount mixed grated beets and carrots. To this composition, add fresh pork or bovine bile in the ratio (a mixture of carrots, beets - 3 parts, bile - 1 part). This product is put on a clean cloth and put the compress for 15 minutes.

Prevention of disease

To prevent the development of such a painful ailment, doctors recommend adhering to several simple rules:

1. Hygienic measures. After going to the toilet, you should wash the area of the anus with cool water.
2. Proper nutrition. Exclude the reception of semi-finished products, fast foods, excessively fatty foods. Refuse from sharp and fried foods. Do not abuse alcohol.
3. Correct visit to the toilet. It is highly recommended not to sit on the toilet for a long time. If after 2-3 minutes the process of defecation did not occur, postpone this exercise. Stand up, walk around, and try again in a few minutes.
4. In time, empty the bowels. Go to the toilet at the first desire. Do not delay the process of defecation.
5. Go in for sports. Recommended: walking, running, yoga, swimming. This advice is especially important for those people who are forced to stay in a sitting position for a long time.

Remember that almost any illness can be defeated if you contact the doctor in time and fully observe the treatment prescribed by him.