Poisonous fungi of Russia: photo, name

From the earliest times, people eat these delicious, healthy and satisfying gifts of nature (macromycetes). However, not all of them can be usable, and some even present a rather serious danger to the body due to their high toxicity.

In this article, we will try to answer the question of what kind of poisonous mushrooms Russia can be found in the forest. In order not to be a victim, you should know them well. There are very dangerous fungi for human health and life.

How not to get poisoned?

Before we describe the most poisonous mushrooms in Russia, we will try to learn how to recognize edible. "Quiet hunting" (gathering mushrooms) is one of the most beloved and common activities of many Russians.

In our country grows about 30 species of poisonous mushrooms, very often masquerading as edible relatives, which greatly complicates their detection. There are also pitfalls here. So, what kind of poisonous mushrooms can be found in the forests? How to distinguish edible, inedible and poisonous?

In more detail about twins

List of edible fungi and poisonous twins:

• It is very easy to confuse inedible and poisonous honey agarics with real ones. Their main difference is the color of the plates. Edible mushrooms have a white color with a cream shade, after the cut is darkening. Plates of false fog after the cut instantly acquire a brownish-black color.

• It is difficult to distinguish a white fungus from satanic or poisonous bilious, having absolutely identical appearance and form. The cut of the leg in the edible fungus always remains white, and on the poisonous one it turns red.

• Pepper mushroom is a false double of an oil can. Here, in order to decide, one must pay attention to the color of the plates and the cap. Poisonous mushrooms are more brown than oily, and they also have red pores on the leg and flesh.

Poisonous fungi of Russia

The photo and name of some mushrooms will be presented below. It should always be remembered that if there is no self-confidence and there are still some doubts about the visual examination of the fungus, it is best to leave it alone and not take it to the basket.

Below are the most common of them:

• From July to October, a false chanterelle occurs in the forests (an orange goon). The hat has a bright orange (up to copper-red) color, and the shape is a funnel with smooth edges. This species of mushroom grows in groups more often, and always near real chanterelles. They are very easy to distinguish. A rather unpleasant smell is the flesh of false chanterelles. It is a weakly poisonous fungus, and to get rid of signs of poisoning, it is enough to make a lavage of the stomach.
• From August to September, you can meet a pale toadstool. The hat is yellow-brown, pale green or olive-colored. Usually the edges are lighter than the center. Above the legs there is a white ring. In appearance, the toxic grebe practically does not differ from edible fungi, which is the danger.
• Poisonous mushrooms in Russia include in their list and false spills, which occurs from June to October. Disguised as an edible cousin, it has a convex bonnet of pink, yellow or pale orange. The center is usually darker than the edges. Light yellow flesh has a bitter taste and a rather unpleasant smell. Usually it grows in large groups, usually on decaying wood. A few hours after the application of food, symptoms of poisoning, until the loss of consciousness.

• From the middle of summer to autumn, you can find a russet scalding hot. There are innocuous representatives of the genus, but among them there are also dangerous, delivering a lot of trouble. It is almost impossible to distinguish a russula from burning red. When maturing its spores, staining plates in ocher color, then it is easier to distinguish. Symptoms of poisoning are usually masked for simple food poisoning, so mushroom pickers may not be aware of the cause of the disaster. All parts of this russet have a bitter taste. After touching the fungus to the tongue and lips there is a feeling of intense burning.
• The poisonous mushrooms of Russia can not be imagined without the well-known fly agaric that occurs from mid-August to September. Amanita Amanita has a remarkable hat (diameter 10 cm), covered with white large scales. The color of the hat is soft cream. On a long white stalk there is a darker, dense ring. Its pulp produces an aroma, similar to the smell of freshly-potato.

The Satanic mushroom, the gray-pink mlerchik, the red lattice , the hymnopylus beautiful, the false lie-all this poses a danger not only to health, but also to life.

Deadly poisonous mushrooms of Russia

• Lozhnoopenok is one of the most poisonous fungi in the world. It can cause renal failure leading to death.
• Swine has long been considered an edible fungus. Studies have shown that the periodic use of it in food destroys blood cells - leukocytes. Also there is a renal failure, leading to a lethal outcome.

• Ergot purple is also included in the list of "the most poisonous mushrooms of Russia". He parasitizes some cultures of cereals. If the body gets a large dose of ergot, this also leads to death of a person.
• Fly agaric is the second line of the list of the most poisonous mushrooms, not only in Russia but also in the world. No wonder the people call him "the angel of death." Dangerous substances of mushroom destroy both kidneys and liver.

The most poisonous mushroom in the world

The most poisonous in the world is the above-described pale toadstool. It affects such vital organs as the kidneys and liver, leading to a fatal outcome. The grebe is so poisonous that it is not recommended to touch it with your bare hands. Also, one should not allow her contact with edible mushrooms. There is a risk of dizziness, colic, loose stools and vomiting. The destruction of the above-mentioned organs occurs already during this period, so you should immediately seek medical help.

The most poisonous mushrooms in the central part of Russia are the pale toadstool, the false apron, the red fly agaric and the panther fly agaric.

Conclusion

Just like wild plants and animals, representatives of a huge kingdom of mushrooms can be dangerous. To become an experienced mushroom picker and live a long life, it is worth to get acquainted with these unusual creatures of nature. For mushroom pickers an important tip: if you do not know the fungus - do not take it. Even a single toadstool, caught in the basket, can make all the "catch" poisonous.