Peas: the best varieties and their description

To choose a good planting pea is not a simple matter. There are a lot of varieties now. Everyone has not only advantages, but also drawbacks. On the territory of the country, brain, cracking and sugar varieties are registered and grown. All of them have different yields, resistance to pests and weather conditions.

Pea seed: species

As we have already said, there are three main varieties of planting peas: sugar, cereals and crustaceans. Each of them is represented by a variety of varieties, which differ in taste characteristics, nuances of cultivation. Let's talk about this in more detail.

Shelling peas

Lushchilny - the most popular pea of sowing. It is very in demand in farms that cultivate this crop for further sale as grain or seed.

It has a very smooth and round shape, easily divides into two halves. This quality is very valuable, as it facilitates the further process of grinding and processing on the lapping machines.

Lucvilny pea sowing is used as a feed for animals. Pea grains and peel have a special value, having a huge amount of vitamins and high caloric content. In addition, peas are used in the food industry and to produce starch, which is rich in plant, but at the same time does not contain sugar. However, for sowing in cottages and private plots, there is no suitable peeling seed pea. The description of this species indicates that its taste characteristics in green are an order of magnitude worse than other varieties. Yes, and to realize it in small quantities is difficult.

Marrowfat pea

Peas cereals - a very popular plant, it is often grown at home to get delicious beans. In the ripe form, the seeds have a wrinkled appearance. Because of this fact, the pea of sowing has its name. However, until a ripe state, it is brought only at seed-growing stations. Ogorodnikami he is consumed in green. Its peas are sweet, large and early. As a rule, cereal peas are used for conservation and for eating in fresh form.

Absolutely all varieties of this bean representative were remarkably acclimatized in our country. So the choice of variety will directly depend on the purpose of cultivation. Let's talk about the most popular varieties.

Alpha

Pea seed Alfa - early sorting grade. With good irrigation, the crop can be up to forty-five centners per hectare. The peas are rushing after 85-110 days. The length of the pod grows to 7 centimeters, the grains are large and round. The height of the stems is up to 15 centimeters, in fact, this dwarfish small plant.

Atlant

Atlant is a fairly good variety with a yield of up to 55 quintals per hectare. The bushes of the plant are quite high, the pod in length reaches 14 centimeters. This variety is very sweet. Peas of the Atlas cultivar are one of the few species that are perfectly suitable for conservation and for grain.

Viola

Variety Viola in Russia is considered the best of the mid-season, because it has a high yield, is resistant to many diseases and is practically not afraid of drought. The peas are sown in 70 days after the appearance of the first shoots. Plants reach up to 75 centimeters in height. On one bush can be from 15 to 20 pods. The amount of sugar reaches 7 percent.

Emerald

But the Emerald is an early-ripening variety, its yield is slightly lower in our climatic zone, however it is very sweet in green condition. Seeds of pea are sown large, irregularly shaped, and therefore it is grown by farmers.

Premium

Such a variety as Premium will allow you to harvest the maximum yield. The fact is that up to 50 fruits are fastened on one bush. With good care, this is not even a record. The height of the plant does not exceed 80 centimeters. Bushes grow quite large, large and lush.

Tropar

This variety from the Caucasian selection has been grown for a couple of years in the territory of the Russian Federation and the countries of the Near Abroad. Well it is that does not require strong care in the process of growth. However, it has an average yield. Plants are not affected by pests. The variety is popular due to its unpretentiousness.

The best varieties of cereal pea

The best brain varieties are:

1. Belladonna is a late variety, resistant to frost, and therefore it can be planted in February, when the first heat comes. With good care is able to give large yields. Peas are round, sweet and tasty.
2. The debut grows well in fairly hot regions, where a drought is possible in the spring. However, this variety has a low yield. The advantages of this type include its resistance to pests.
3. Calvedon is one of the best varieties that can be purchased in supermarkets. It is used for imports in the industry, because it is quite sweet. The plants are resistant to powdery mildew.
4. Medovik is a unique variety. Contains the highest amount of sugar from all known types of green peas. However, experienced gardeners disappoint with its yield, it is very low. Because it is grown only by amateur gardeners for personal use only.
5. Sweet giant peas with a vegetation period of just 60 days. Beans are large, but the plant is extremely capricious to weather conditions, requires constant watering and does not like heat. The yield of the variety is average.

The best sugar varieties

1. Zhegalov 112 is a hybrid form derived in Russia. It is very popular among summer residents, since not only beans are sweet, but also "clothes". On average, up to 50 pods are laid on each bush, much depends on watering. The variety is resistant to pests, but needs to be treated with chemicals.

2. The inexhaustible is a drought-resistant variety that has large pods. The valves are also very sweet and used in food. One pod contains up to 9 seeds.
3. The chicken is a sweet hybrid (up to 12 percent sugar), perfectly acclimatized on the territory of Russia. This is a fairly good crop with good watering.
4. Sugar 2 - late sweet variety, which has excellent taste characteristics. Beans are elastic and sweet, good for vegetable and fruit salads.
5. The first-born has very large shrubs (up to 120 centimeters in height, and sometimes more), from which it is simple and convenient to harvest. Plants are unpretentious to drought, can withstand frost, but need to be treated with chemicals.

What sort of variety to choose when planting?

If you first decided to plant peas in the garden, then you need to approach the selection of the variety with the mind. It should be understood that the yield is not the main indicator at all. Everything depends on care, watering and timely pest control.

When choosing a variety, consider in which region you live, what are the weather conditions in your area. In addition, it is better to take the seeds of those plants that are adapted to your climate. As a rule, overseas seeds are not very well shown in other people's conditions. It is necessary to acquire proven varieties that have been sown in your area for several years already and have proved themselves from the best side. After all, not all plants feel equally well in different regions.

How to grow peas?

Peas refer to cold-resistant crops, and therefore its sowing can begin in early spring. This culture can be grown after any vegetables. The only condition is a large amount of humus. But peas are not exacting to nitrogen.

On the roots of plants, as on many other legumes, nodule bacteria develop and inhabit that are able to assimilate atmospheric nitrogen. If at some point you are the first time, then it is possible to introduce a special preparation "Nitragin" together with the seeds. It will help initially to develop well plants without nitrogen starvation. It's good to put rotten compost or humus under peas, nitrogen and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.

It makes sense to well fertilize the soil under the peas. Sown areas, pre-prepared and processed, yield remarkable yields, and the beans themselves have a more sweet and delicate taste.

Pea seed: characteristics of plants

It should be noted that peas are an annual plant, cold-resistant, with a short vegetation period. Therefore, he is pleased with the fruits even in the northern regions. Under favorable conditions, the root system reaches one meter, but most of the strongly branching roots are near the surface. The stems of the plant are slightly branched, reaching in length from 50 centimeters to several meters. Inside they are completely hollow. Antennae of pea seeds help to rise upward. In the presence of supports or a net, the whip is twisted high enough, clinging to each other.

Flowers appear in the sinuses of leaflets. Pea seed, whose leaves consist of four small parts, ends with antennae. However, some varieties do not have a leaf part, only one antennae, and others - on the contrary. At the base of the small leaves there are so called stipules, which are much larger than the leaf portion itself. Such an unusual species has pea seeds. The flower of the plant is quite typical for beans. Outwardly it resembles a moth. Flowers can be single, but are usually collected in inflorescences. Each consists of 5 petals. The most common color is white. But there are pink, purple, purple.

It is interesting that the pollination of the flower occurs when it is still closed. The proportion of cross-pollination is only one percent. So, that the crop does not depend on insects. In addition, this property allows you to keep clean varieties, since the option of cross-pollination is practically excluded.

Proper sowing of seeds

Seeds before planting should be soaked in a solution of water with microfertilizers. Sow them in rows, the distance between which is 45 centimeters. Each other plants should be at a distance of 20 centimeters. Seeds are sown to a depth of 3 centimeters in light soil, and in heavy soil, they can be pawned into smaller grooves, but then the ground must be torn with straw or covered with small twigs.

The first shoots appear in a couple of weeks. Sugar varieties first grow slowly enough, so they will be clogged with grass. During this period the plants need weeding.

A little later you need to put trellises at a distance of half a meter. Plants will be dragged up and hold tightly to the net, this will not let the wind put the shoots, and it will be easier for you to harvest. And the green peas look very good on the site.

With regard to care, it is reduced to watering and weeding. Fruit-bearing plants begin depending on the variety, this period with careful care stretches to 35-40 days.

We hope that our article will be useful to you when choosing a variety of peas for domestic farming on private plots, and also advice on planting seeds. We wish you good luck and good harvests.