NIS is ... List of NIS countries

Which country belongs to NIS: Canada, Sweden, Kazakhstan or Thailand? To answer this question, one must understand the peculiarities of economic development in the states of this group. But this is where our information article will help you.

NIS is ...

What is NIS? And how correctly to decipher this abbreviation?

NIS are the so-called newly industrialized countries. In the original (in English) it sounds like this: newly industrialized country, or abbreviated NIC. By the way, very often in Russian you can find a reduction in the form of NIC.

NIS is a group of states that are characterized by common features of social and economic development. The main feature that unites them is the rapid economic growth that occurred (or occurs) in fairly short time.

NIS includes countries that are located on different continents of the Earth. Which ones? This will be discussed later.

Main features of NIS countries

Among the key features of a group of NIS countries are the following:

• High and rapid economic growth rates;
• Dynamic changes in macroeconomics;
• Structural changes in the national economy;
• The growth of the professionalism of the workforce;
• Active participation in international trade;
• Wide attraction of foreign capital and investments;
• A high share of the manufacturing industry in the GDP structure (over 20%).

Scientists and economists refer this or that state to the group of NIS on several basic parameters (indicators). It:

• The size of GDP (per capita);
• The rate of its growth (average annual);
• Share of manufacturing in the GDP structure;
• Total exports of goods;
• The volume of foreign direct investment.

NIS countries (list)

The NIS States were separated into a separate group from developing countries. This process began around the mid-1960s. Today, NIS includes the states of Asia, America and Africa. In the formation of this group of countries, four stages (or waves) can be distinguished.

So, all NIS countries (list):

• The first wave: these are the so-called "East Asian tigers" (Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong and South Korea), as well as the three states of America - Brazil, Argentina and Mexico;
• The second wave: India, Malaysia, Thailand;
• The third wave includes Cyprus, Indonesia, Turkey and Tunisia;
• The fourth wave: China and the Philippines.

The map below shows the location of all these countries on the planet.

Thus, to the group of NIS today can be attributed 16 different states. At the end of the twentieth century, geographers and economists could safely say that entire regions with stable and rapid economic growth formed on the Earth.

NIS: history and patterns of development

As a result of the influence of some factors in economically developed countries in the 60s of the XX century (such as the USA, Japan or Germany), the production of individual goods has ceased to be profitable. We are talking about textiles, electronics, chemical products. Eventually, their production was transferred to developing countries, which could "boast" cheap labor and low prices for land.

Over time, many transnational corporations began to post their production here. And those states that were the first to create a favorable climate for foreign investment, were able to achieve economic success. These were the NIS countries of the first wave of formation: South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan and others.

It is logical that over time, the newly industrialized first-generation countries began to lose their obvious advantages over other developing countries. Now they began to move part of their production (primarily labor-intensive) to the nearest countries. They are: Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia. This happened already in the 80's. Even later, the Philippines, Vietnam, Sri Lanka and others were involved in these processes.

Thus, in the history of NIS formation, "stepwise industrialization" is observed. Developing technologically, each of the NIS countries eventually lost the lower stage in its development to the states of the next generation of industrialization.

NIS: economic development models

Among all the newly industrialized countries, there are several basic models of economic development. It:

• Asian model;
• Latin American model.

The first is characterized by a small share of state property in the national economy. However, the influence of state institutions on the economies of these countries remains high. In the Asian sector of the NIS, there is a kind of "cult of loyalty" to "their" companies. The national economies of these countries are developing, focusing primarily on the external market.

The second model, Latin American, is typical for the states of South America, as well as Mexico. Here, on the contrary, there is a strong trend towards the development of national economies with a focus on import substitution.

"East Asian tigers" - the first among the NIS

They are called differently: "East Asian tigers", "small Asian dragons", "four Asian tigers". All these are unofficial names of a group of the same countries. We are talking about South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan and Hong Kong. All of them demonstrated very high rates of economic development in the last third of the twentieth century.

In the mid-1950s, South Korea, in all respects, was among the most backward countries in the world. In a short 30-year period, she was able to make a grand leap from poverty to high development. The country's GDP per capita has grown 385 times over this time! Modern South Korea is the most important center of shipbuilding and the automobile industry in Asia.

However, the highest rates of economic growth from the four at the end of the last century differed Singapore (about 14% per year). This tiny state is one of the world's largest refineries. In addition, the science-intensive industries are also actively developing in Singapore. Quite a lot here and foreign tourists (over 8 million annually).

Other NIS countries - Hong Kong and Taiwan - depend to a greater or lesser extent on the PRC government. Significant for the economies of both these countries is tourism. Taiwan is also a major center of the latest technologies and nuclear power in the whole of Asia. And the country holds the world championship in the production of sea yachts!

Finally

After reading our article, you can definitely answer the question: "which country belongs to the NIS?" This group includes at least 16 states, which are located in Asia, America and Africa.

NIS is a group of countries that differ in a number of characteristic features. First and foremost, these are the rapid economic growth rates, a high percentage of manufacturing industry in the GDP structure, active participation in the international labor distribution, as well as the wide attraction of foreign investments in the development of their economy.