Mosaic is a highlight of the interior. Description of different types of mosaic

Every year the assortment of finishing materials is steadily expanding, and it becomes more difficult for the buyer to make a choice in favor of one of them. Many of our readers are interested in mosaic - its types, installation technique, scope, etc. Today we will try to answer all these questions.

Mosaic in ancient times

If someone believes that this element of design is a modern invention, then he is deeply mistaken. The very ancient and widely used by our ancestors art mosaic. This was in Ancient Russia (X century) was a way of decorating walls and floors in temples, cathedrals, churches.

Mosaic is a piece of art made from small pieces of various materials - glass, stone, etc. As the term "mosaic" has appeared, remains a mystery. On this occasion, there are many versions. One of them - the name is associated with the way of laying, the other seems more plausible. It is believed that this word was translated from Latin, and it means "dedicated to the muses".

The earliest examples of the use of mosaic are panels, dating back to the IV century BC. E., Discovered in Mesopotamia.

Modern technologies

Any mosaic is the drawing of a pattern from a large number of small parts from different materials. The old and often lost secrets of this art are now successfully replacing new industrial technologies and styling.

Today there are a great many companies specializing in creating mosaic compositions. Each of them offers its own stories and sketches. But if none of them satisfies the customer's wishes, he can place an order on his sketch. It is important to know that the artistic expressiveness of a mosaic panel is achieved not only by the complexity of the drawing, but also by the variety of its constituent materials.

Glass Mosaic

To date, this is probably the most common material. To be precise, we are talking about Venetian glass, from which a heat-resistant, frost-resistant, shockproof and durable mosaic is made. This is a very popular material also due to a wide range of colors. To obtain this effect, various elements - cadmium, selenium, boron and even semiprecious minerals (aventurine, mother-of-pearl) are added to it in the production of glass.

Most often, the mosaic tiles (modules or chips) are made in square form. The smaller these details, the more detailed will be the detailing of the image and more precisely the drawing.

Glass mosaic is a material that is successfully used for facing floors and walls in any closed premises - from bathrooms and pools to kitchens. In addition, it looks great in the design of fireplaces and furniture.

Also very popular is the smalt mosaic. This is a kind of glass material, but with the addition of potassium salts, and not sodium, as in the first case. This allows you to get a very saturated and persistent color, completely devoid of any white impregnations.

Such a mosaic looks very dignified. Its chips are very smooth and pleasant to the touch. It has higher specifications than inexpensive samples of glass mosaic. For example, resistance to abrasion wear allows using it not only inside the building, but also outside.

Ceramic Mosaic

In appearance, ceramic chips are practically the same as tiles, except in size. They can take the form of a square or a rectangle. The colors and shades are quite diverse.

This type of mosaic can be traditionally glazed, or contain "special effects" - small cracks on the surface (craquelures), blotches of other colors, imitation of irregularities. The unglazed mosaic has a porous structure, which entails corresponding troubles.

Ceramic mosaic is ideal for the design of a wide variety of surfaces, both indoors and outdoors.

Stone mosaic

In the production of this type of mosaic, various types of stone are used, starting with inexpensive tuff and including rare species of jasper, onyx, marble. The color of such material is unique, therefore each image from this material is unique.

Buying a mosaic made of natural stone, it is necessary to take into account that it is a relatively soft material. It eliminates the use of abrasive cleaners, hard brushes. The only exceptions are agglomerates based on quartz.

Non-traditional materials

To them, first of all, it is necessary to include ceramic granite. It is often used to create interiors. This material is stronger than traditional ceramics, besides it is much cheaper.

Metron is a mosaic made of pieces of colored glass and aventurine. It is used for the manufacture of table tops, window sills, skirting boards.

Metal ceramics appeared recently. These are stamped caps, having a height of no more than 4 mm from a sheet of stainless steel, 0.5 mm thick. They are fixed on a special rubber substrate, which creates the necessary rigidity.

Sheet Mosaic

It is a mosaic made of various materials, fixed on a substrate. Sheet mosaic has all the advantages of tile, but looks different in appearance. It is fixed on a reticular basis, so it is easy to cut, which, in turn, makes it very easy to handle the most inaccessible areas.

Diamond Mosaic

This kind of needlework comes from the East. Gradually, he began to win admirers around the world. And it's not accidental, because the works created in this technique are stylish and original decoration of the interior, a great gift to friends and relatives. So, diamond mosaic - what is it?

In fact, this is an interesting material from which you can create truly original and beautiful decor elements. The set for diamond mosaic includes:

• Pattern-cloth, with conventional symbols and adhesive layer;
• Acrylic rhinestones, packaged different packets;
• tweezers.

The work to create a picture or a panel from a diamond mosaic is not difficult, but it will require diligence and accuracy. It is enough to lay out the rhinestones carefully on the adhesive base in rows or in checkerboard order. In addition to that the sparkling picture will be a wonderful decoration of the interior of your house, it will also please the artisans with a creative process.