Monarchist parties: review, definition, goals, functions and features

Each political organization has as its main characteristic the ideological platform. The main idea of the monarchist parties is the revival of tsarist power in Russia. The existence of such organizations began in the early twentieth century.

What is a monarchical form of government?

In itself, the term "monarchy" means that the main power in the state belongs to one person - the king, the king, the emperor, etc. The change of leader occurs according to the rules of succession to the throne. This form of government is either absolute, when the power in its entirety belongs only to the monarch, and its decisions are not disputed by anyone, or constitutional, when the country has a parliament.

To date, there are countries where monarchical power is preserved. Primarily it is a constitutional monarchy, as, for example, in England, where the royal house does not take part in the government of the state, but only performs a symbolic function, pays tribute to tradition. To meet the absolute power of the ruler can be in some eastern countries, for example in Saudi Arabia.

Monarchy in Russia

In Russia, the monarchical system existed for many years, until the beginning of the 20th century. Initially, it was an absolute monarchy, when the sovereign's power was not limited. But under the reign of Nicholas II, the tsarist regime underwent some changes. Since 1905, the State Duma has appeared in the country, which meant the emergence of a constitutional order.

In Russia, to date, a parliamentary republic has been proclaimed , headed by the president. Also in our country there is a large number of political organizations, among which there are also monarchist parties.

The emergence of monarchist organizations in Russia

By the end of the 19th century, political movements of monarchical orientation began to take shape in the Russian Empire. Their main goal was to protect the existing system from various changes and reforms. An example is a society called "Russian Talk", which was founded at the turn of the century, in 1900. Also this year the oldest party was founded, whose activities continued illegally even after the Revolution. It was called the "Russian Assembly".

Monarchist parties mostly began to appear after the Manifesto was issued on October 17, thanks to which the population of the country acquired democratic rights and freedoms. The State Duma was established, and the monarchist parties became one of the political forces.

If we talk about the political movements of the time, advocating the preservation of traditional values and royal power, we can name the two largest organizations. They were created in 1905. One was called the Union of the Russian People, and the other was the Russian Monarchist Party.

Union of the Russian people

This is the most numerous monarchist party in Russia of the 20th century. It had the largest number of members - about 350 thousand people. Anyone could enter the organization, regardless of social status, but the intellectuals played a dominant role. Such a wide coverage of all social groups was justified by the party's goal - to unite all Russian people for the benefit of the Fatherland for the sake of a single and indivisible country.

Among the program principles of this organization, chauvinistic, nationalistic sentiments and radical Orthodoxy were popular. Also for her was characterized by anti-Semitism - rejection of persons of Jewish nationality.

As for the state system, the Union of the Russian people is a monarchical party. The form of government is absolutism, the parliamentary government was denied. The only thing that this organization offered was the creation of a people's advisory body working for the benefit of the tsarist authorities.

The movement ceased to exist after the October Revolution. The attempt was made in 2005.

Russian Monarchist Party

The political organization, called the Russian Monarchist Party, was also founded in 1905. Its strength was not as great as that of the Union of the Russian people, only about a hundred thousand people.

Since 1907, the Russian monarchist party began to bear a different name, which was due to the sudden death of its creator and leader, VA Gringmut. The organization was called the Russian Monarchical Union, and led by I. I. Vostrogov, who had previously been Deputy Gringmut.

The unlimited autocracy was proclaimed, the church played a special role in the life of the state. It had to play the main role and be the guarantor and stronghold of the moral and spiritual life of people. As for the Duma, it was not rejected by the ideas of the movement, but it had to be a council body of authority.

"The Black Hundreds"

The above-mentioned parties represent not the whole spectrum of monarchist organizations and movements of that period of time. The general name for these movements is the "Black Hundreds". They are members of patriotic organizations, the common feature of which is nationalism, anti-Semitism, chauvinism, adherence to Orthodoxy. These are conservative monarchist parties that stood guard over the traditional values of the time, ideological adherents of absolute royal power.

Among them we can mention such organizations as the Union of Michael Archangel, the All-Russian Dubrovinsky Union of the Russian People, the Sacred Guards, as well as the Union of Russian People and other Black-Hundred Movements.

The Monarchist Party of the Russian Federation

To date, among the most famous parties and movements of a monarchical nature can be called the Monarchical Party of Russia, founded by a political technologist, businessman Anton Bakov. The organization was officially registered by the Ministry of Justice in 2012, at the same time its constituent congress was held. The monarchical party of Russia is an adherent of the constitutional monarchy, moreover, the official website of the organization lays out the text of their own Constitution. An interesting point is that for its members this organization issues passports with the citizenship of the Russian Empire and is going to take part in the elections. Party leader Anton Bakov produces books, and is also known for his statements concerning VI Lenin and JV Stalin. He is going to arrange for them a public trial for the overthrow of the Romanov dynasty and the destruction of the Russian Empire.

As the heir to the throne, the Monarchical Party of Russia offers Nicholas III, who is a descendant of Emperor Alexander II. It is known that this is a German prince who accepted the Orthodox faith.

Monarchist movement today

In modern Russia, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, a large number of various political organizations have appeared, among them there are monarchist parties. They do not take part in the struggle for power, but are engaged in public activities - they carry out various activities.

As for the question of who should become a sovereign in case Russia returns to the tsarist power, then many parties and movements have their own opinion on this matter. Some recognize as legitimate pretenders to the throne of the heirs of the Romanovs' house, now living abroad, others believe that the tsar should be a people's choice, while others generally recognize him as the emperor of the incumbent president of Russia.