Keratoma - what is it? Treatment of skin keratoma

Every person can have different kinds of education on the skin. Some of them represent a serious danger, others do not show themselves for a long time. Today we will talk about such tumors as keratomas. What it is? Why do they appear? How to treat keratomas? These and other questions will be considered below. Also in the article will be presented a photo of kerat.

General information

Keratomas are specific neoplasms of a dark brown or brown color that look like freckles. Initially, such neoplasms are small enough, but eventually they darken, mutate, peel and turn into plaques, the color of which can vary from dark brown to black. Keratomas reach 1-2 cm in diameter. Neoplasms can be both single and multiple. The ailment usually proceeds asymptomatically, in some cases the skin formations fall off independently. When you go to a medical institution, the doctor will show you the photo of the kerat and tell you what kinds of keratas they are.

Reasons for their formation

Keratoma of the skin (photo available in the article), according to scientists, is most often due to prolonged exposure to direct sunlight with exposed unprotected skin. This is especially true for people after 40 years of age. In adulthood, the skin reacts in such a way to the excess of ultraviolet light - the epidermis grows and then keratinizes. The effect of solar irradiation disrupts the processes of keratinization of the skin at the cellular level.

It is also proved that there is a hereditary predisposition to the development of keratosis. Most often, the disease is transmitted through the male line.

The provoking factors

The likelihood of keratogen formation increases with metabolic disorders, vitamin A deficiency in the body, neuroendocrine pathologies, failure to produce sex hormones, exposure to the skin of juices of poisonous plants or certain chemical compounds, long-term use of antibiotics, diuretics.

Kinds of keratomas

Manifestations of keratomas depend on the type of this pathology. Neoplasms differ in external manifestations, the nature of growth and sensations of the patient.

Senile (age) keratomas

What it is? The first symptom of senile keratoma is a patch of brown or light yellow hue. Outwardly the neoplasm has the appearance of a small hyperpigmented skin area. Developing, the stain darkens and can acquire a brown, burgundy, gray color, while its dimensions also increase. The structure of senile keratas also changes: they become more friable and soft to the touch.

Because of the accelerated growth of individual areas, a hilly surface is formed (alternating protrusions and depressions, stratifications, veins, dark dots, etc.). Later, age-related keratomas acquire roughening, the layer of cells that covers them, begins to peel and peel off with small grayish scales. The dimensions of senile keratoma are within 0.5-6 cm, more often - 1-2 cm. Some formations lighten with time, acquiring a pale brown or gray shade.

These tumors, as a rule, have a multiple nature of distribution, are localized on the lower and upper extremities, neck, face, in rare cases - on the body. If the keratoma is damaged, it starts to bleed and inflame, painful sensations may occur.

Seborrheic Keratoma

Such neoplasms are characterized by very slow growth. At first, a stain of a yellowish hue with a diameter of 2-3 cm forms on the skin. Then its surface begins to thicken and become covered with easily separable scabs. Over time, the keratoma increases in size, the crusts become multilayered (their thickness can reach 1.5 cm or more) and are covered with deep cracks. The color of education becomes dark - brown, black. If the seborrheic keratitis is damaged, painful discomfort is felt, and moderate bleeding may occur. Localized this type of neoplasm most often on the chest, back, shoulders, scalp, rarely - on the face and neck. As a rule, neoplasms are located in groups, sometimes - singly.

Cutaneous horn

Another name for such tumors is horny keratomas. What it is? A gray or brown spot appears on the skin, then the keratinized elements begin to form, forming gradually the tissues of the keratoma. Outwardly, the cutaneous horn has the appearance of a convex tubercle, which strongly rises above the skin and has an uneven horny surface, crumbling areas, scaly scales. Some similar formations look like a flat plaque of light gray color with an extremely dense texture.

The cutaneous horn can have a primary or secondary nature - it appears as a result of a pathological process caused by other ailments, such as tuberculosis, lupus erythematosus, etc. There are single or multiple neoplasms on the face (forehead, around the nose and lips, on the eyelids), the mucous membranes of the mouth , Genital organs, scalp, ears, rarely - on the body.

Follicular keratomas

This type of education has the form of a node with smooth boundaries of pink or flesh colored, the size is no more than 1.5 cm. Follicular skin keratoma (photo on the right) has an uneven surface with small tubercles that slightly rise above the skin. In the center of the neoplasm is a depression or a flat gray scales. The keratoma most often affects the cheeks, the region of the nasolabial triangle, the lip rim, the head, and occasionally the limbs and the body.

Solar keratomes

At first, the disease manifests itself by multiple scaling elements, slightly rising above the surface of the skin. Later they are transformed into plaques, surrounded by erythematous tissues. The scales are coarse and firm to the touch, they are easily separated from the neoplasm. Localized keratoma often on the face, hands, feet, back.

This education is attributed to precancerous diseases. Keratomas can disappear and appear later on the same skin area.

Angiokeratomes

The tumor looks like a nodule of blue, red, black. It forms cells of the papillary layer of the epidermis with inclusions of the vascular network. The diameter of the lesions is 1-10 mm, the nodules rarely have clear boundaries and regular shapes. Angiokeratomes can be observed in newborn children, outwardly they resemble hemangiomas.

The location of such neoplasms depends on their variety: papular angiokeratoma is localized on the abdomen or back, limited - on the skin of the extremities, Fordiys angiokeratoma affects the skin of the genital organs.

How dangerous are keratomas?

Basically, such neoplasms do not threaten the health and life of a person, and they represent a pronounced cosmetic defect. Formations of large size severely spoil the appearance of a person, especially when localized on open areas of the skin. With the constant friction of the keratoma with clothing or frequent injuries, there is a risk of penetration of the fungal or bacterial microflora, resulting in the development of pyoderma, microbial eczema. As a result of tissue damage, infection with the human papilloma virus, herpes, is not ruled out.

Some types of keratas are degenerated into malignant tumors (sunny, horny). In this case, the area around the neoplasm becomes inflamed, painful, itching and bleeding occur. Therefore, if skin keratoma is diagnosed, treatment should not be postponed, you should contact a specialist as soon as possible.

How to get rid of keratosis?

Removal of kerat is necessary in the event that the neoplasm interferes and delivers certain discomfort. There are several ways of eliminating such a defect. Each of the methods has its own advantages.

Laser

To date, kerat removal by laser is the most common way, with which you can quickly and practically without painful sensations get rid of tumors. This method has no contraindications, after such a procedure, the recurrence of keratoma is minimal.

Operational method

Surgical excision is an inexpensive and classic way to solve the problem. The method involves removing neoplasms from the skin surface with a scalpel. Such a procedure can be carried out in almost any specialized medical institution, but after the removal of keratomas in this way, scars on the skin are not ruled out.

Radiosurgery

Today, this method of removing tumors is recommended by many specialists. During the procedure, you can get rid of various skin defects, while surrounding tissues are not damaged.

Nitrogen

This method also allows you to eliminate keratomas. It is in the cauterization of neoplasms with nitrogen, after a lapse of 5-7 days the keratoma disappears, leaving behind a small pink trace. In the process of removal, discomfort may arise, but the whole procedure is painless.

With such a defect as skin keratoma, treatment should be prescribed only by a specialist. The doctor will examine the problem areas of the skin and advise the most optimal method of eliminating the tumor.

Keratomy: treatment with folk remedies

With such pathology, the methods of traditional medicine are also effective:

• Wash the young leaves of aloe, put in the freezer compartment of the refrigerator for 3 days. Then thaw at room temperature and apply to the affected area of the skin, leave overnight, in the morning, the neoplasm wipe with salicylic alcohol. The course of treatment is 3 weeks.

• Grate potatoes on a fine grater, apply the resulting gruel to the area of keratoma, cover it with a cotton cloth and wrap with food wrap. After 40 minutes, rinse with hot water.

• Take 2 juniper and 10 bay leaves, grind, add creamy (100 mg) and fir oil (20 drops). Received ointment daily lubricate neoplasms.

• Castor oil is used to treat silyl keratomas. It is preheated and wiped by the affected areas of the skin.

• To get rid of keratomas, as well as to prevent their recurrence, they use celandine. Make infusion of stems and leaves of a dry plant (2 tablespoons of raw material is poured into 25 ml of water), used for lotions and rubbing the skin.

• Walnut in combination with vegetable oil is an effective tool in the fight against skin keratomas. Slightly immature fruit should be poured preheated to 45 ° C vegetable oil (in a ratio of 1: 6, respectively). The mixture is put in a thermos bottle and insisted for 24 hours, then cooled and filtered. Rub the resulting balm in the problem areas of the skin for 14 days.

• To prevent the development of keratoma, it is recommended to include foods containing vitamin P in your diet . This is buckwheat, legumes, citrus fruits, dill, parsley, purple berries, green tea, infusion of burdock leaves.

Preventive actions

To prevent the formation of kerat, first of all, it is recommended to restrict exposure to direct sunlight, to regularly use sunscreens with a high SPF factor.

It is necessary to protect the skin in contact with aggressive chemicals, wear loose clothing from natural fabrics.

Proper nutrition and healthy lifestyle favorably affect the condition of the whole organism and, in particular, significantly reduce the risk of formation and further development of a skin defect, such as keratomas. What is it, and how to deal with this phenomenon, you learned from this article. We hope that the information will be useful to you. Be healthy!