Installation of the circulation pump for heating. Pump selection, installation, instructions

The circulation in the heating system can be carried out both compulsorily and naturally. To create forced circulation, install pumping equipment. Installation of a circulation pump for heating will ensure a uniform temperature and space heating. The choice of this device should be handled responsibly, because an incorrectly selected pump will create either too sluggish or too intensive circulation of the coolant in the system. That subsequently entails uneven heating of the room.

Design and operation principle

Circulation pump for heating (price - ranging from 3,500 to 15,000 rubles) is the main element of the system with forced circulation of the coolant. In this case, it is not necessary to mount large pipelines and install the boiler at the lowest point of the system. In addition, the time period for heating the heating devices is noticeably shortened, which makes it possible to increase the temperature of the air in a room within a short time. The main characteristics of pumping equipment are its head and productivity.

The pump head must overcome the hydraulic resistance of the system. With a significant hydraulic resistance and a small head of equipment, it is necessary to install a circulation pump for heating having other characteristics.

Reliability and continued functionality of pumping units largely depend on the correctly performed calculation of operating parameters, under which it is planned to heat the premises, as well as on how well the installation is performed. For example, circulating pumps Wilo or GrundFos installed in the heating system, which are a closed environment, are able to function under high pressure in a few atmospheres. Thus, in order to fill the system, equipment is installed with a pumping pressure, which is connected to heating or to a water pipe with considerable pressure. Then testing is carried out.

Varieties

There are two main types of these devices:

• Dry type.
• "Wet" type.

For each of these types of characteristic of their shortcomings and advantages, consider them in more detail.

Advantages of "dry" type

• During operation, such equipment does not interact with the pumped medium. This provides a long service life.
• The structures are carefully docked and processed. As a result, the installation of a circulation pump for heating the "dry" type will further prevent the leakage of the coolant from the system.
• The efficiency is almost 80%.
• Sealing rings do not require replacement within 2.5-3 years of operation, in contrast to the stuffing box, which needs to be updated before the start of each heating season.
• Equipment of this type can be mounted both vertically and horizontally. However, his position does not affect the quality of the work in any way.

Disadvantages of the "dry" type

• A lot of noise is generated during the operation of the equipment. For this reason, the installation of a circulation pump for heating "dry" should be provided in a separate room.
• These units are very sensitive to the quality of the coolant. For long and high-quality work in the networked water there should be no pollution and impurities.
• O-rings need periodic lubrication.

Advantages of the "wet" type

• Easy maintenance and installation.
• Long service life.
• Low noise level.
• Relatively low cost of spare parts and the unit itself.
• When working pumping equipment does not require a lubricant, which prevents it from overheating. This function is carried out by the coolant, which cools, and also lubricates the pump shaft.

Disadvantages of a "wet" type

• Low efficiency, about 30%.
• Installation of circulating heating pumps of "wet" type must be carried out only in a horizontal position.
• The possibility of leaks from the heating network through the leaks of pumping equipment.

Circulation pump for heating: how to choose

When selecting pumping equipment, the following characteristics should be considered: productivity, flow and head. As a rule, they are indicated in the passport.

Head

In order to correctly select a circulation pump for heating with the required head, it is necessary to calculate the hydraulic resistance of the system. It depends on the length and diameter of the pipelines, as well as on the number of local resistances (constriction, angles of rotation, etc.). The head of the pumping equipment must be selected in such a way that it overcomes the resistance of the entire system.

Properly selected pump is the guarantee of optimum circulation speed, as well as the flow to all rooms of the coolant.

Consumption

The selection of the circulation pump for heating, based on the flow of the heat carrier, must be oriented to the load of the system. The load is calculated in several ways: according to the actual installed radiators or the external volume of the building. The flow can be calculated by the formula, where in addition to the heating load, it is necessary to know the operating mode of the boiler.

The power of the equipment is determined in accordance with the regulatory documentation. According to Western standards, per 1 m ^{2 of the} area should be about 100 W. However, focusing on local weather conditions, equipment with a capacity of at least 120 W should be installed per 1 m ² .

Additional factors

The power of the pumping equipment is directly related to the diameter of the pipelines. Some believe that the larger the diameter of the pipeline, the more heat will enter the room. It is important to take into account the fact that a large amount of heat transfer medium moves through large diameters and, accordingly, circulating pumps are required for heating, the characteristics of which are quite impressive by their power. This will ensure high-quality circulation.

The location of the pump unit has a significant effect on the power consumption and its performance. The pump installed in a cold room always functions uneconomically and is much worse, unlike that installed in a building with heating.

The capacity of the equipment also depends on the expected operating time. If, for example, most of the time the circulation in the heating system is natural, and the pump starts only for a quick warm-up of the room or for correcting the head, then much power will not be required.

Calculation of flow

Circulating pumps for heating private houses have a number of features that determine their functional potential. Consumption and pressure are the main indicators of pumping units. These parameters are reflected in the equipment certificate. The pump unit consumption should be calculated using the following formula:

Q = N / (t ₂ -t ₁ ), where:

• N is the power of the heat source (boiler, gas column).
• T ₂ is the temperature of the heat carrier in the supply line and outgoing from the heat source. Virtually all boilers are set to an operating mode of 90-95 ° C.
• T ₁ is the temperature of the coolant in the return line, as a rule, its temperature is 60-70 ° C.

This parameter allows you to determine if the circulation pump is suitable for heating, how to choose it correctly will not become a difficult issue for you.

Manufacturers

Currently, the best manufacturers of pumping equipment are European companies, as they are characterized by high quality materials and assembly, as well as economy.

In the market of heating equipment, German pumps circulating Wilo have been presented for several years already. During this time they proved themselves as durable and high-quality equipment. The choice of buyers offers a wide range of pumping units with a wide range of characteristics. For installation in an individual heating system, the best heating pump (price - from 12 000 rubles) Wilo-Stratos ECO. The pressure created by this unit is 5 m of water column, the capacity is 2.5 m ³ / h, and the power consumption is only 59 W. Such a device can function both in automatic and manual mode. It is also possible to adjust the engine speed and power.

Installation

Before installing the heating circulating pumps, you should pay attention to the fact that it does not matter which material the system will be made of. Equipment is preferable to connect not directly to the pipeline, but on the bypass line.

To the main pipeline of the heating system, on the side, another pipeline in the form of a wide letter "P" is soldered or welded, with a pump installed in the middle. On both sides of it are mounted locking devices, which are necessary for the following purposes:

• Overlapping one of the cranes will restore the natural circulation of the coolant in the system.
• Overlapping both cranes will help repair or replace the circulation pump for heating (expert reviews confirm this) without draining the coolant.

During installation, attention must be paid to the direction of flow of the coolant. As a rule, it is indicated by an arrow on the case of the device.

When connecting to an electrical system in a natural circulation heating system, it is recommended to use an automatic fuse with a flag. It will simultaneously function as a switch and fuse. The automatic fuse should be installed at a distance of at least 0.5 m from the heaters.

To connect an additional pump to a system with forced circulation, it is necessary to take into account the fact that one is already installed and starts when the thermal relay trips. That the circulation pumps for heating private houses work synchronously, the additional unit should be connected to the main device or the thermal relay by means of parallel connection.

In heating systems with an electric boiler, the pump equipment can be connected directly to the boiler. In this case, the circulation unit will function only at the time of heating the coolant.