Hypertensive disease and its consequences

Arterial hypertension occurs in 30-40% of the adult population. Most patients can not identify specific causes of this disease. For a long time, arterial hypertension is asymptomatic, leading in time to serious heart damage (myocardial infarction, cardiovascular failure), brain (strokes), kidney (renal failure), vision loss. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly monitor your own blood pressure.

Increased blood pressure, despite the absence of any obvious symptoms, has a strong "destructive" effect on the vital organs of man.

In medicine, distinguish between primary and secondary arterial hypertension

Primary arterial hypertension - in the absence of an obvious cause of its occurrence.

Secondary arterial hypertension - is determined in the event that it is possible to identify the cause of its occurrence.

Secondary arterial hypertension can be caused by the use of certain drugs or diseases:

• Hormonal contraceptives, corticosteroids and other similar drugs
• Kidney disease: glomerulonephritis, nephropathy, pyelonephritis and so on
• Endocrine diseases
• Bifurcation of the aorta
• Various complications in pregnancy
• Neurological diseases

Increased blood pressure in many cases is not felt by a person, but has a strong negative impact on vital organs (brain, heart, vessels of the fundus, kidneys).

Hypertensive vascular disease leads to the following diseases and complications:

• Myocardial infarction
• stroke
• Renal insufficiency
• Exfoliating aortic aneurysm

To maintain health and avoid complications, first of all we need to identify hypertension even at the early stages of its development.

Risk factors for complications:

• Elevated AT figures
• Age over 55 in men and 65 in women
• Smoking
• Alcohol abuse
• Elevated blood cholesterol levels> 5 mmol / L
• Obesity (waist size is more than 102 cm for men and 88 cm for women)
• Early occurrence of cardiovascular diseases in relatives

Stroke

Stroke is an acute disorder of the cerebral circulation.

There are two types of strokes: if a person has atrial fibrillation - when the heart beats very often or as it wishes, blood disturbances are formed, the blood becomes thick and layers on the walls of the heart.

The thrombus ruptures and the blood vessels to the brain.

But more often we deal with strokes that arise through so-called atherosclerotic plaques.

During the life of a person with improper nutrition on the walls of blood vessels, plaques are deposited, which eventually become solid, like lime. These plaques are laminated with thrombotic masses, and when the pressure rises sharply, the vessel narrows and blood access to it overlaps.

How to maintain health and avoid complications?

It should be remembered about the means of non-drug treatment.

The most effective way to treat arterial hypertension in the initial stages are:

• Decreased body weight by modifying the diet (increasing the intake of fruits, vegetables, fish, seafood, reducing the intake of table salt to 5-2 grams per day)
• Increased physical activity
• Refusal to smoke, restriction of the use of alcohol

For medicamentous treatment of hypertension there is a large selection of drugs that lower blood pressure. Individual selection of antihypertensive drugs, their combination, dosing should be done. Only a doctor can do this.

Remember, it's impossible to cure arterial hypertension. Hypertensive illness is a chronic disease, which means that it requires continuous and regular treatment during life from the moment of its detection.