Hybridological method

As many rightly note, genetics is the queen of sciences. Indeed, the issues related to this science are among the most important, since, as they say, the quality of the offspring born depends on them. Genetics always helps in solving such problems as the search for new methods of treatment of dangerous diseases.

One of the ways of working in genetics is the hybridologic method. This is nothing more than a method of studying heredity. Its essence lies in the following: if there is a split of two kinds, then their descendants will inherit a set of characteristics, according to which the genotype will be determined. This method is known as Mendel's hybridologic method. He was the first who crossed different varieties of peas, which differed from each other by some features. For example, they differed in the size of the seeds, their shape, color, as well as the height of the stem and so on. Mendel carried out numerous operations on crossing different species and observed how all the signs in the first, second and other generations of hybrids were manifested. The scientist conducted such a work with many varieties of peas, so he managed to establish some regularities that relate to the quantitative ratio of hybrid plants, and they usually had some properties of the initial variety.

The hybrid method can be divided into several types. The simplest of these is nothing more than a mono-hybrid cross. It means only some differences between the parental forms, as a rule, it is just a couple of signs.

If you give specific examples, it is worth mentioning the crossing between varieties of peas with green seeds, as well as yellow ones. After the experiments, Mendel came to conclusions, which became some postulates of genetics. First, we are talking about a rule concerning the uniformity of the first hybrid generation. Secondly, it is worth mentioning the law of the splitting of the second hybrid generation. And, thirdly, we can not fail to note the hypothesis of the purity of gametes.

If we talk about the rule of uniformity of the first generation, it should be said that it implies the similarity of the first generation with parents on all grounds.

Here one can not observe the complete dominance of the characteristics of one parent over the characteristics of the other.

The hybrid method can be considered as a special case of genetic analysis. It is, as a rule, preceded by the so-called selection method. It is necessary in order to select or create the source material, which will later be studied. Mendel in this case worked with pea seeds, which self-pollinated.

It's no secret that in some cases the method, which is called a direct hybridologic method, can not be used. This concerns the inheritance of traits in humans. The matter is that in this case it is impossible to plan crosses, and also it is impossible to provide such parameters, as fertility, and also terms of puberty. For this reason, some other methods are used in genetics.

For example, cytogenetic methods. Their study deals with the science of cytogenetics. It does not exclude such a concept as a hybridologic analysis, but it studies the visible carriers of genetic information. This is nothing more than mitotic, meiotic, as well as polytene chromosomes, as well as mitochondria and plastids. Thus, cytological methods, first of all, imply the study of the chromosome set.

To do this, the following methods of investigation are used: light microscopy method , as well as numerous methods of microspic analysis, which are carried out with the help of some electronic devices.