How ECO do: the process in detail, in stages with the photo. In what cases do IVF?

Each married couple sooner or later comes to the fact that he wants to have a baby. If earlier women became mums already in 20-23 years, now this age strongly increases. Representatives of the weaker sex decide to have offspring after 30 years. However, at this moment, not everything is as it should be. This article will tell you how to do IVF (in detail). You will learn the basic steps of this procedure. Also worth mentioning are the indications and limitations of this manipulation.

What it is?

Before you figure out how to do IVF (in stages), it is worth saying a few words about the manipulation itself. In vitro fertilization is a way to conceive a child outside the female body. Later born babies are called "children from a test tube." For the first time the procedure was carried out a few decades ago. It took a lot of effort and cost.

Now, in vitro fertilization is no longer something unnatural. You can pay it either on a special quota. For this, a man and a woman must have certain testimonies.

In what cases do IVF?

There are many indications for carrying out this procedure. However, only some of them involve free manipulation. In this case, the quota is allocated to the pair, and all costs are borne by the state and the insurance company.

Pipe factor

One of the most common causes of in vitro fertilization is tubal infertility. In this case, a woman may not have a fallopian duct. More often it is a consequence of surgical interventions. Also, the obstruction factor can be referred to as obstruction. Before ECO is done, such channels are removed.

Male infertility

Indications for in vitro fertilization will be substandard sperm partner. Clarify the condition of the material during the spermogram. The main factor will be that sperm reduces its quality in natural conditions (in the female genital organs).

Endometriosis

In what cases do IVF? One indication for manipulation is the proliferation of the endometrium outside the uterus. This pathology affects mostly women in their reproductive years. In this case, treatment can be long and include surgical methods, as well as hormonal drugs. In the absence of a positive effect, experts advise not to pull, but to resort to the procedure of artificial insemination.

Age changes

Many women are interested in the question of how old an IVF is. In fact, there are no specific frameworks. Many couples, on the contrary, turn to auxiliary methods of reproduction only because they can not conceive of their own child due to their age (usually after 40 years).

Problems with ovulation

Each woman during the year can have two or three anovulatory cycles. This is not a pathology. When there are less than 5-6 ovulations within 12 months, this is a deviation. Usually, this problem is easily eliminated by hormonal drugs. However, if this method is ineffective, doctors advise doing IVF.

Contraindications to be aware of

Before the IVF is done, the woman must be carefully examined. If any contraindications to manipulation are revealed, then it must be found. These include the following situations:

• Therapeutic and psychological pathologies incompatible with pregnancy;
• Deformation of the uterine cavity, in which embryo attachment is unlikely;
• Tumors of the uterus and ovaries, which can grow with hormonal preparation;
• Malignant diseases even in the stage of regression;
• Inflammatory processes in the sexual organs of a woman or a man.

In each situation, the pair is treated individually. If contraindications are determined, then the specialist will inform about it.

How do IVF work?

The very process of fertilization takes quite a long time. Depending on the length of the protocol, the pair may need from one to three months. During the procedure a woman has to take a lot of drugs. Some of them have unpleasant side reactions.

The procedure of in vitro fertilization consists of several stages. The doctor will tell you about them at the first visit. Many couples wonder: how quickly do IVF for OMS? With a free procedure, the spouses have to wait for a while to allocate the quota. Usually this issue is solved within a few months. When performing artificial insemination in a private clinic, the protocol can be started for several weeks after treatment.

Preparation and analysis

Before they do IVF, a woman must be examined. Her partner also must pass certain tests. Standard tests are tests for hepatitis, HIV, syphilis. A man must pass a spermogram. It determines by what method artificial insemination will be performed.

Also, a representative of the weaker sex must visit some doctors. This is a neurologist, a cardiologist, an oculist, a therapist. There is a conversation with a psychologist.

Purpose of drugs: protocol selection

Before the IVF is done, experts determine the length of the protocol. It can be short. In this case, the stimulation begins immediately after the next menstruation. The woman is prescribed hormonal drugs, which she must take daily on a strict schedule. Often, the drugs are in the form of injections. Medicines can be administered in the hospital or independently. The doctor will tell you all the details of manipulation.

With a long protocol before the stimulation begins, the woman is injected into the so-called menopause. This is often done in the presence of hormonal pathologies, including endometriosis. After a break, which lasts from two weeks to a month, stimulation begins. Further actions will be the same in both protocols.

Tracking the growth of follicles

So how do IVF work? In the process of taking hormonal drugs a woman must visit the ultrasound diagnostic room. Typically, this study is scheduled for the 5th, 9th and 12th day. However, if necessary, the doctor can recommend additional days. During ultrasound, a specialist evaluates the growth of the follicles and the state of the uterus with an endometrium. The genital organ should be as ready as possible to receive the embryo.

At the last examination, the date and time of the puncture are assigned. At this stage the stimulation is completed.

Selection of eggs

We continue to explore the topic of how the IVF procedure works. For puncture, the woman must be placed in a hospital. Here she is given a separate place and all the conditions. Puncture can be made through the abdominal wall or vaginal method. The second option is chosen more often. It is considered more natural and not so traumatic.

A disposable acute needle pierces the back wall of the vagina and under the control of the ultrasound sensor is fed to the ovary. I must say that the doctor must be extremely careful so that there are no complications. After the collection of eggs, the patient should remain under careful supervision of doctors for at least two hours. During this period, the woman's condition is monitored and intra-abdominal bleeding is excluded.

Fertilization

You already know that, before ECO do, it is necessary to examine the sperm of a man. It is from the quality of the seminal fluid that the course of the next stage will depend. At normal rates, the usual fertilization is performed. The necessary amount of sperm is simply combined with the selected eggs.

If there are pathologies of spermatozoids or very few of them, then they resort to the ICSI method. In this situation, embryologists select the best and quality spermatozoa, and then combine them with eggs.

Cultivation of embryos in vitro

After fertilization, each zygote is placed in a separate container. They create conditions that are as close as possible to those that are in the body of a woman. It is worth noting that at this stage (immediately after the extraction of the follicles), the woman continues to take hormonal preparations. These are usually progesterone medications. They help to support the work of the yellow body and maximally prepare the uterus for pregnancy.

Term embryo cultivation can be different. Usually it is from 2 to 5 days. Many blanks die on the third day. Only the strongest survive. The reproductologists try to bring the embryos to the state when they contain 4 to 8 cells. Then go to the next stage.

Cell transfer

If you are interested in how the IVF is done, the photo procedure is presented to your attention. Transfer of embryos is made in the walls of the hospital. This does not require anesthesia. The woman is located on the gynecological chair. A thin silicone tubule is inserted into the cervical canal. On it the embryos move to the cavity of the genital organ.

In recent years, specialists are trying not to plant more than two embryos. However, for some indications, this amount can be increased. Note that in this case, a special agreement is concluded that tells the patient her rights and responsibilities. If after the transfer there are viable embryos, then they can be frozen. You can use them at any time. The quality and genetic condition of this procedure does not affect.

Expectation

The most, perhaps, exciting and painful moment is two weeks after the transfer. It is upon expiration of this period that the outcome of the procedure will be determined. All this time the woman receives progesterone and chorionic gonadotropin preparations.

You can learn about the result 10-14 days after the transplant. The patient is offered to pass a blood test to determine the amount of chorionic gonadotropin. It is this hormone that is released during pregnancy, increasing in number every day.

The result of manipulation

If the amount of chorionic gonadotrophin increases, this indicates pregnancy. After reaching 1000 IU, ultrasound should be done. It will show the number of embryos attached. If there are more than two fetal eggs in the uterus, the woman is offered a procedure called reduction. During it, the doctor removes excess embryos. It should be noted that this manipulation is very dangerous. It can lead to miscarriage or a stiffened pregnancy. Therefore, many couples abandon it. However, to bear more than two babies at once is also unreasonable. After all, premature birth can begin or develop pathologies of development of babies. In any case, the final decision remains with the pair.

If the result was disappointing and the pregnancy did not occur, the woman should cancel taking all the medications. In this case, the first question that interests the patient, is formulated this way: how often do IVF? Most couples want to try to become parents again as soon as possible. However, doctors do not advise to hurry. In the process of preparing for artificial insemination, the body of a woman suffers extreme loads. He needs time to recover. Usually reproductive specialists recommend refraining from attempts at conception for up to six months. Also, the couple are assigned additional examinations, which can determine the cause of the failure.

The final stage of the procedure

How to do IVF - described in detail in this article. If the procedure is completed positively, then the woman is offered to register at the place of residence. In some cases, the clinic assumes responsibility for conducting pregnancy until a certain period. Usually this is required for multiple pregnancies.

Hormonal support is carried out within 15-20 weeks. After that, all drugs are gradually canceled. At this time, the placenta, which supplies the fetus with everything necessary, has already been formed and is working in full force.

Delivery: What determines the choice of method

You already know how to do IVF. The procedure is rather complicated and requires the patient to follow all the rules. The successful outcome of manipulation can be said after the birth of the child. Often this issue is handled by specialists of the same clinic, in which artificial insemination was carried out.

In the normal course of pregnancy and the absence of contraindications, a woman can give birth on her own. Natural childbirth is welcome in single-pregnancy. If the kids are two or more, the doctors insist on Caesarean section. In this case, you will be sure that the children will not receive birth trauma when passing through the birth canal, which is often the case with multiple pregnancies. Doctors in time will help the children.

Results

From the article you learned how the procedure of in vitro fertilization is going. If you are interested in more details, then contact a specialist. The doctor will tell you how and what you need to do for a positive outcome. In each individual case, separate recommendations are possible.

An important role in this process is the mood of the pair. Think about the good, eat right, spend more time in the fresh air. Observe all the appointments of a specialist. Good result to you!