History of the Constitution. Key points

Constitutional searches began to be conducted in Russia long before the adoption of the first Constitution. In our country there was no document with this name. The Code of Basic Laws was created. It collected the main provisions, in a truncated form, fulfilling the role of the Constitution. However, representatives of the liberal society with the development of society increasingly favored the introduction of the State's Main Law.

The history of the adoption of the Constitution

For the first time an official discussion of the Code of Basic Laws was held in 1918, July 10. That day the Fifth All-Russian Congress of Soviets was held. On July 19, the official Code of Basic Laws of the country came into force after publication. Shortly before this, in March 17th, the monarchy fell. As evidenced by historical references and facts, the newly arrived liberal government, despite the propaganda of the introduction of constitutional freedoms, did nothing to implement these ideas. After the Bolsheviks came to power, the situation in the country began to change somewhat. At the Second Congress of Peasants 'and Workers' Deputies in 1917, several decrees were signed on October 25-26. It was from this period, according to a number of authors, the history of the Russian Constitution began.

1917 year. How did the history of the Constitution begin? The first decrees of the new Government

The history of the Constitution began with the signing of several provisions reflecting the thoughts and aspirations of the Bolsheviks. The first was the decree on the formation of a revolutionary workers 'and peasants' government. In history it entered as "Sovnarkom" (Council of People's Commissars). A few months later, the Third Congress is held. It signed a declaration on the rights of the exploited and working people. Contemporaries perceived this document as a kind of "small Constitution". This Declaration was of great importance in the development of the society of that time. At the Constituent Assembly in 1918, on January 5, the Bolsheviks proposed the ratification of this document. However, most of the SRs refused to do this, which led to the termination of the activities of the Assembly. As contemporaries noted, it is this event that is considered a genuine social revolution, while the events of October were perceived as a bourgeois-democratic coup.

Events after the Third Congress of Soviets

The Declaration of Rights, signed at the Third Congress, was not a full Body of Basic Laws. The document required serious improvements. Active preparation began a little later - in April 1918. Work on the document was finished in the summer of the same year, and on July 10 the first Constitution of the country was adopted.

What happened after the formation of the Soviet Union

The history of the Constitution was marked by the adoption in 1924, January 31, of the Basic Law of the country. However, this was not the last version of the document. In 1936, the so-called "Stalin Constitution" was adopted. As contemporaries noted, Stalin himself considered this document to be the most democratic in the world. The history of the Constitution developed further. The following Constitution - "Brezhnevskaya" - was adopted in 1977. Substantial changes in the Basic Law began to be made by Gorbachev. In 1985, restructuring was started in the country, but it was not possible to complete the transformation. In 1993 there was a crisis of power, the Supreme Soviet was dissolved. Boris Yeltsin, who held the post of President at that time, announced a constitutional reform. After some time, a referendum was held in December. As a result, on December 12, in 1993, a new Constitution, now in force, was adopted.