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Grigory Otrepiev - the first of Lzhedmitriyev

Grigory Otrepiev (in the world - Yuri Bogdanovich) - comes from the noble Lithuanian family Nelidov. According to numerous sources, he was the first person who successfully posed as a murdered Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich - the son of Ivan the Terrible. In history he entered as False Dmitry First.

Biography

Yuri was born in Galicia. His father died early, so he and his brother were raised by a widow mother. The child was very capable and quickly learned to read and write, so he was sent to Moscow to serve as Mikhail Romanov.

Here he rose to a high position, which almost killed an ambitious young man during the repression associated with the "Romanov circle." To escape from execution, he was forced to take monastic vows and received the name of Gregory. Moving from one monastery to another, eventually he returned to the capital again.

The Appearance of False Dmitry

Here, according to the official version, he began to prepare for his future role, asking for details of the murder of the prince, studying the rules and etiquette of court life. After some time, the future False Dmitry made an unpardonable mistake - he mentioned that he would someday sit on the royal throne. It came to the king, and Gregory was forced to flee to Galich, Moore, and then to Rzeczpospolita. It was there that he first betrayed himself as the miracle of the saved Tsarevich Dmitry.

Becoming

In 1604, Grigory Otrepiev crossed the Russian border and began a military campaign against Boris Godunov, who took the throne after the death of Ivan the Terrible. Tsar Boris publicly declared that this was not a legitimate heir to the throne, but a runaway monk. Gregory was declared anathema.

Then he began to show the people of another person, saying that this is Otrepiev, and the one who says that he is Dmitry, really is. Because of this, many people began to think that the prince was real. Soon after, False Dmitry still officially ascended the throne and was recognized as the son of Ivan the Terrible.

A lot of contemporaries considered Otrepiev and Tsarevich Dmitry one person, but still there were those who noticed that the Tsar more resembled a Polish nobleman than a Russian nobleman by behavior.

In 1605, Tsar Boris died, the throne was freed. Grigory Otrepiev, taking advantage of the situation, gave the order to crack down on Fedor Godunov. In addition, the mother of Tsarevich Dmitry, Maria, staged in Otrepyev her son. And then in July 19605 False Dmitri was crowned in the kingdom.

Domestic policy of Falsdmitry 1

The first actions of the new king were returns from the references of numerous princes and boyars, who were exiled by Boris and Fedor Godunov. The civil servant raised salaries, while landlords increased land plots. This was done by confiscating land and money from monasteries.

In the south, taxes were abolished, and in the rest of the country - increased. The composition of the Duma was changed: now representatives of the higher clergy were present in it as obligatory members, and the body was henceforth called the senate. Still new posts were created, taken from Poland: the swordsman, the podchash, the slander.

Foreign policy

False Dmitry made unimpeded entry and exit from the country, free internal displacement. Visiting foreigners noted that there was no such freedom in any European state. Most historians agree that Grigory Otrepiev tried to carry out the Europeanization of the country.

He tried to gain the support of neighboring countries and the recognition of himself as emperor by concluding alliances with Poland, Italy, Germany and France, but everywhere he received a negative result because he refused to yield some lands and because of his negative attitude towards the Catholic faith.

Death

Gradually, the people grew dissatisfied with the new tsar, because he began to build Catholic churches in Moscow, introduced "foreign buffoonery fun", canceled the post-runnational sleep. In addition, he arranged a wedding with Marina Mniszek according to the Catholic rite. Poles who arrived in the capital for a long ceremony, began to break into the drunken state in the houses of wealthy townspeople and rob them. This prompted the people to revolt, which was headed by Vasily Shuisky. There was an event on May 17, 1606.

First, Shuisky called on the people to save the Tsar from the Poles, and then sent the crowd to the "evil heretic", trampling Russian customs. Taking advantage of the general turmoil, the conspirators stormed the palace in which False Dmitry was, and killed him. After his death, he was put in the middle of the market, where sand was poured onto his body and smeared with tar.

They buried the king in a "wretched house" intended for those who froze or were drunk. But in a few days his body itself was in a different place. False Dmitri was considered a sorcerer, so several times his body was buried with deeper and deeper, but the earth did not receive an impostor. Then the body was burnt, the ashes were mixed with gunpowder and shot from the cannon towards Poland.

Shuisky and the conspirators did not hide that False Dmitry was put on the throne with only one goal - to remove the Godunovs from the throne. And then they got rid of the new king with the same ease with which they gave him a short power.

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