Ferrous metallurgy

The nonferrous and ferrous metallurgy of the world form a metallurgical complex. These two areas cover all stages of technological processes, starting with the extraction and enrichment of raw materials, completing the receipt of finished products. The ferrous metallurgy of Russia is considered the foundation of domestic engineering. This industry includes the extraction, enrichment and agglomeration of manganese, iron and chromite ores, the production of pig iron, rolled steel, steel, blast-furnace ferroalloys.

Ferrous metallurgy is the production of electroferroalloys, coking coal, secondary redistribution of alloys, extraction of auxiliary material (magnesite, fluxing limestone), production of refractories. This industry also includes production of industrial products. In all this complex, as a kind of "core" is metallurgical redistribution. All other production facilities are concomitant, contiguous.

If we assess the level of concentration of black metal production , Russia occupies an advanced position in comparison with many industrialized countries.

Characteristic for the whole complex and production combination, developed quite strongly. A significant benefit is noted when combining coking coal with metallurgical processing. In the country more than 95% of coke is produced in complex enterprises. Modern large plants, on which ferrous metallurgy is the main type of production, are metallurgical and energy-chemical plants. This definition reflects the nature of internal technological links.

It should be noted that the factories are the main type of industrial enterprises, which includes ferrous metallurgy. Domestic factories with a full production cycle produce approximately 9/10 of all steel, as well as cast iron and rolled products. In addition, there are also enterprises engaged in the production of rolled and steel or iron and steel (including metalware and pipe mills), as well as producing separately rolled steel and cast iron.

Ferrous metallurgy is an important area-forming factor. In addition, that there are numerous industries based on the recycling of various wastes after the smelting of cast iron, this industry draws to itself and related industries.

The most typical satellites of ferrous metallurgy include the thermal power industry, which includes, first of all, the plants that are part of the plants that can function on the by-product fuel (coke breeze, excess blast furnace gas and so on). Another concomitant production area is metal-intensive machine building. To this sphere, the main concern is the production of mining and metallurgical equipment, locomotives, metal structures, heavy machine tools.

The main deposits of iron ore are concentrated in the area of the Kursk magnetic anomaly. Here lies about 21.6 billion tons. About seven and a half billion tons are concentrated in the Urals. The third in terms of scale is the area of Eastern Siberia. Here there are about 5.3 billion tons of iron ore.

The largest deposits of manganese ore are located in Western Siberia, and chromite ores - in the Urals.

For the iron and steel industry, such sources of raw materials as the Ural, fuel bases of Kuzbass, and Cherepovets deposits are in demand.

Ferrous metallurgy mainly focuses on sources of recyclable materials. These include amortization scrap, waste products, consumed rolled products. In addition, the importance of the areas of consumption of finished products, due to the fact that the largest number of scrap is accumulated in the areas of developed engineering.