Expert systems

Medical expert systems are the latest manifestation of artificial intelligence, which has become known to mankind since the 1970s. It can be said that this is a computer program that replaces a specialist in the field of medicine, diagnoses by processing the available data.

The described technology is based only on the comparison of certain data and norms, it conducts a formula calculation of certain components and as a result produces a result - a diagnosis.

It should be noted that expert systems are an imperfect model that does not take into account many factors, due to which errors in the formation of the final result may arise.

This program can work in two main modes: data entry and processing (or consulting). In the first case, the doctor enters direct data about the patient, the results of tests and examinations, expert opinions. This mode many use to store information and quickly play it. This function is convenient for the doctor, because at the right time you can compare the results of all tests, thereby observing the dynamics of the disease.

Expert systems in the counseling mode is a "dialogue" between the doctor and the machine. In this mode, you can get a possible list of diseases, suitable for all the symptoms that the patient has. This greatly facilitates the task of the doctor and allows you to quickly diagnose. In the communication mode, the system shows which examinations are insufficient and which tests need to be repeated. The doctor compares all the data with the patient's complaints and his anamnesis, resulting in the diagnosis.

In medicine, there are close to the ES programs-directories, which for certain requests give information to the doctor. Often this is enough to determine the tactics of treatment and management of the patient.

Expert systems have one of the main differences from common data processing systems: they have a symbolic or symbolic character, rather than a numerical one. Artificial intelligence is not at all aimed at destroying the traditional approach in medicine, but even vice versa. To date, all the forces are aimed at ensuring that new technologies and medical workers have the strongest connections.

Expert systems in medicine are aimed at solving the most difficult problems, for treating the most complex patients and searching for the most hidden diseases. Close interaction and the ability to correctly interpret the data obtained with the help of artificial intelligence will allow medicine to take a step forward, it is possible to find treatment for previously hopeless diseases.

Such power of new technologies is due to the ability to invest in them a huge amount of information that the human brain can not remember . Accordingly, on the basis of all the data, the computer can find much more quickly a number of diseases suitable for the existing symptoms than the person can do.

Expert systems are capable of reasoning in a straightforward and precise manner, guided by the available data. The task of the doctor in this situation is to compare these data with a specific individual situation and draw a conclusion.

Features of ES:

• accuracy;
• rapidity;
• Limited to a certain area or structure;
• Dependence on embedded information;
• Creation of a logical data chain;
• The ability to correlate a large amount of data.

Unfortunately, in practical medicine, these systems are not widely used. They are used in laboratory diagnostics for counting data and for storing information. It can be said that developed states are increasingly promoting this system of work, some diagnostic departments equipped with EC for practical activities (mainly cardiological) have already been established.