Cutter for woodworking machine: types, characteristics

Modern production requires improving the quality of equipment. This will allow you to produce a wide variety of elements from any materials. Wood requires the use of a special type of milling machine. This ensures the quality of the finished product, its durability, and also allows to give the product aesthetic appearance. The cutter for the machine tool on a tree, depending on a configuration, possesses a number of characteristics. This is taken into account by the master, when processing the material. More details on this tool will allow the classification of mills for different group characteristics.

General concept

Regardless of the type, the cutters for the wood router have a common structure. They have a shank and a working part on which the cutting edge is located. To produce these components, high-alloy steel is used, which has increased strength.

The shape of the milling cutter, whether it is a disk or a straight version of it, is always precisely verified. Sharpening is performed with the help of special equipment with very little impact. This improves the functional quality of the instrument.

It has many varieties of the appearance of the milling cutter for woodworking machines. This makes it possible to perform rough and finish processing of blanks in accordance with all norms and requirements. In this case, the wood grain and its density must be taken into account.

Milling cutter groups

There are two large groups of wood cutters, which in the shank diameter most often are 32, 12 and 8 mm:

• Packed;
• Terminal.

In the first case, they are applied to a spindle with a diameter of 32 mm. These are accessories for a stationary router.

End, or finger, an 8 mm milling cutter (also available in 12 mm) is used for manufacturing parts both on a stationary machine and on manual equipment.

By design type, these parts can be welded, solid, welded or prefabricated. And in terms of functionality they are divided into disk, ring, cylindrical and end.

The cutter can be used on milling-engraving, horizontal or vertical equipment, on CNC machines.

Tooth structure

The wood cutters can be conditionally divided according to the type of construction. They can be integral or combined. If such a piece of equipment is small, the manufacturer can make it whole. This does not significantly affect the cost of the item. But large products have a softer rod and a very firm edge.

The advantage of the milling cutter for the wood router is the ability to select its diameter for the required size for the workpiece. As the abrasion, such an element can be replaced with new incisors.

There are only two types of tooth sharpening. It can be tapered and pointed. Most often apply the first option. These products, when sharpened, do not decrease in height, which often happens when sharpened teeth are sharpened. This is simply unacceptable in the technological process.

By hardness, there is a group of A series cutters for professionals and a series N for home use. In the first case, the cost of such a product will be much higher. But the durability and functionality of a professional tool is higher. For household purposes, there are more than enough cheaper varieties of such elements.

Product form

In form, several groups of woodworking tools are divided. They can be grooving, edge, combined and figurine.

The first group is designed for manufacturing all kinds of grooves. The grooves are:

• Wood cutter straight;
• Galactic;
• Structural;
• Shaped.

For the precise processing of the edges and ends of wood products, the master applies edge varieties. They can be straight, kalevochnye, rebate, cone, figured, poluzernzhnevye.

Combined varieties contain in their composition a groove and a spike part. They are used for splicing or joining parts. For thin material or for carrying out work of increased accuracy, use a fork-type cutter. They can be horizontal and vertical.

A stand-alone group are the milling cutters, which use carbide - tipped plates to cut the material .

Equipment for milling and engraving machine

The cutter for the machine tool on a wood of the presented type happens of several varieties. It can be end, end, angular or disk. The first two varieties are used to process ordinary material.

End drills have a surface that makes processing in all directions. Face plates are suitable for flat surfaces.

Angle and disc milling cutter for wood is used for hard rocks. Now they have two or three sides, which prevents rapid abrasion.

If a complicated profile is to be made on such a machine, then shaped shapes are used. They have tapered teeth, which ensures a good surface cleanliness.

CNC machine

Automate material processing allow CNC cutters for wood. The participation of the operator is not required at all, if you install an automatic nozzle changer. And this despite the fact that it is possible to produce even very complicated details by this method.

Equipment is given a program that includes a description of materials, tools and activities. This equipment allows you to achieve high precision workpiece. A special program calculates, based on the three-dimensional image of the part, its planar projections. This avoids errors in the calculation.

And a similar program can be installed on any type of machine. Cutters for CNC on wood are selected in this case in accordance with the type of equipment.

Vertical and horizontal machines

For vertical and horizontal machines, the features of such machining are taken into account when selecting a working tool. If the spindle and nozzle are fixed horizontally, there are certain principles for choosing the equipment.

For horizontal surfaces use cylindrical varieties of milling cutters. When processing narrow, inclined planes, one should give preference to angular varieties. The disk milling cutter cuts through the tree. If their form is complex, then the shaped shapes should be used.

In the case where the spindle is placed vertically, the following recommendations should be followed. Surfaces must be treated with end head or end milling cutters. If their plane is inclined, angular attachments are used.

Keyway grooves are manufactured using an end mill. Also the shaped versions of the tool are used.

Care of milling cutters

All wood cutters, the types of which have been considered above, need constant monitoring by the maintenance staff. Regularly check the degree of sharpening, as well as the integrity of the products.

After carrying out work, cutters are cleaned of dirt, tar and debris. They are stored in a specially designated place for this purpose. If it is intended not to use these parts for a long time, they are applied with engine oil.

High-speed steel can be grinded with grinding bars or with a machine. If the nozzle has plates made of carbide materials, the blades should be sharpened only on the machine. And this equipment should have a low speed.

It is allowed to process only flat parts of the working surface of the incisors. The identity of height in the process of doing this work remains in priority.

Having familiarized with such tool, as a milling cutter for the machine tool on a tree, it is possible to select correctly the required type for existing working conditions. Many kinds of presented products make it possible to carry out works of the highest complexity. At the same time, the finished products are of the highest quality.