Construction from "A" to "I": geodetic works

If you recall the proverb, then every member of the stronger sex in his life must necessarily give birth and raise a child, plant trees and build a house for his family. However, if the first two cases of the majority of the world's population do not cause special problems, then with the latter it's far from all that simple. After all, to build a building, one desire is not enough. It is necessary to have a large stock of knowledge in the field of construction and related sciences, in particular, in geodesy.

Concepts and terminology

One of the most important stages in the preparation for construction is geodetic work. For their implementation, special drawings of the main project are made. The purpose of such works is to fix on the terrain the planned and high-rise locations of the main points of the building structure. The fineness of the execution of works consists in postponing directly on the terrain, on "nature" all the necessary angles, distances and permissible elevations.

Geodesic layout works are performed in three stages, if there is no unforeseen overlap:

• At the first stage, the main axes of the structure under construction are removed and fixed;
• A breakdown is made in detail - some axes of certain building elements of the future structure are removed and fixed;
• The geodetic alignment works are completed by splitting the axes to establish the technological equipment necessary for further work.

Methods of conducting

To make the whole breakdown correctly, you need to consider a number of factors. Consideration should be given to the geometric parameters of the object under construction, the location of the points making up the geodetic network, the availability of types and types of measuring instruments. Basically, geodetic Center works are produced in such ways as:

• Accounting for polar and rectangular coordinates;
• Setting of case, angular and linear serifs;
• The installation of serifs of a mixed type - crease-angled, linear-linear, etc.

The simplest execution of geodetic work is considered a method of taking into account rectangular coordinates. Naturally, for its use on the construction site, there must necessarily be building axes in order to build and calculate this system. They make it possible to break the project in a subtle way and take into account a number of key nuances in the basic construction. It should be remembered that before the start of the breakdown it is necessary to draw up special acts and attach to them drawings and diagrams of the anticipated breakout works.

Use of geodetic work in construction

Geodetic Works for construction Are conducted strictly in accordance with the basic rules and regulations. The following provisions can be considered as key:

• All measurements and estimates in the construction process should be done as accurately as possible, saving funds and equipment if possible. The geodetic centering base should be represented in the form of a grid on which the main geodetic stations that designate the position of the building object on the real terrain are fixed with special signs;
• When conducting layout works, binding to the site and other construction sites of the geo-network is mandatory;
• All works related to the breakdown should be carried out strictly according to plans and drawings, for which the general and construction general plans of the construction site were taken.

The work must be carried out strictly within the specified time, in accordance with the stages of construction.