APTTV is promoted: why is this happening? Increase of APTT in pregnancy

APTTV (activated partial thromboplastin time) is a very important indicator of blood clotting, which allows you to determine the risk of blood clots or bleeding. Having correctly assessed the work of the collapsing system, it is possible to determine how severe the disease is and to choose the treatment correctly. Let's talk about it.

How is the APTT test performed?

Conducted analysis on the rate of blood clotting contributes to the identification of systemic abnormalities, which usually indicate that there are violations of quantitative and qualitative indicators of blood.

Such an analysis is carried out according to a certain scheme. First, the material to be examined is added to a tube with an anticoagulant binding calcium ions, which causes the blood to not fold. Centrifugation is performed to separate plasma from platelets and other elements. After this, phospholipids, calcium chloride and an activator are added to the tube. Start to evaluate the time for which a blood clot will form.

Phospholipids activate the external way of coagulation, and calcium chloride is an important substance in the coagulation process. Such an analysis does not allow to fully evaluate the process of thrombosis, but it helps to identify the deviation in the speed, in order to subsequently search for the causes of such a phenomenon.

Sometimes it turns out that the APTTV is raised or lowered. This indicates the existing problems in the body.

Rate indicator

The indicator is measured in seconds, and can differ due to nutrition, the age of the patient and the treatment being performed. The norm of APTT for an adult is from 28 to 40 seconds. In newborns this indicator is higher for 1-3 seconds.

Increased APTT in the blood is diagnosed when any clotting factor is reduced or increased by more than 30%. A low score often indicates hypercoagulability.

The definition of APTT in adults and children is conducted to determine the cause of poor blood clot formation, and also to evaluate the effectiveness of anticoagulant treatment.

The reasons for increasing APTT

Many are very upset when they learn that the APTTV is upgraded. What does it mean? This happens when there is a risk of bleeding. The reasons for this may be:

1. Insufficient amount of vitamin K in the body. This indicates problems in the functioning of the digestive system, because this vitamin promotes the synthesis of intestinal bacteria. It is also extremely necessary for the normal operation of all clotting factors. Its deficiency arises from dysbiosis, with an aggressive diet, as a result of prolonged antibiotic treatment.
2. Genetic abnormalities that are associated with a violation of the quantitative and qualitative index of blood. In this case, the APTTV index is increased very much.
3. Postpartum hemorrhage, acute leukemia, DIC syndrome.
4. Hemophilia type A, B, C.
5. The presence in the blood of antibodies against the factors of folding and lupus anticoagulant.
6. Incorrect preparation for analysis, accidental exposure of heparin to the sample.

Increased APTT in a child can also be due to these reasons.

APTTV in pregnancy

During pregnancy, activated partial thromboplastin time begins to change. If the norm for an average person is from 28 to 40 seconds, then in pregnant women it is 17-20 seconds. This means that it decreases. Such changes are provoked by the following factors:

• In this difficult period in the body of the woman there is an additional uterine-placental circle of blood circulation. The placenta consists of a large number of vessels. If even a small detachment occurs, then blood loss can be quite significant. Usually detachment occurs because of the increased tone of the uterus.
• During childbirth, a woman usually loses up to 400 ml of blood. This happens very quickly, and the clotting system should be ready for such a strong blood loss, so the blood clots begin to form quickly too, to prevent further blood loss.

Why is APTT elevated in pregnancy?

APTTV is elevated if clotting time is more than 40 seconds. This leads to a decrease in the ability to form clots, resulting in a risk of high blood loss.

Usually APTTV is elevated if a pregnant woman takes antibiotics, heparin, aspirin and thrombolytic drugs. Before taking tests, she must warn her doctor about this.

The increase in APTT indicates a decrease in the ability of the blood to fold, and this occurs with the following pathological conditions of the body:

• Diseases of the liver, which have a pronounced hepatic insufficiency, including with cirrhosis. In this case, there is a violation of the synthesis of coagulation factors in the blood.
• The lack of vitamin K, which appears against the background of dysbiosis in the intestines, and also because of an improper diet.
• Leukemia.
• Hemophilia type A, B, C. These are hereditary diseases characterized by a congenital deficiency of clotting factors, resulting in frequent spontaneous bleeding.
• Von Willebrand's disease.

Conclusion

The analysis on APTTV is mandatory before the forthcoming operation to find out how quickly the blood can clot. An increase or decrease from the norm indicates a variety of pathologies. To avoid the risk of bleeding, appropriate treatment is performed.