Animals of the Red Book of Samara Region: description and photo

Unthinking exploitation of natural resources by people on the planet led to the fact that the animal and plant world that existed long before their appearance began to gradually die.

One can, of course, ignore that every day on the planet as a whole and in each of its separate regions some sort of animal or insect disappears, but the result will eventually be one - the Earth will not be suitable for life.

Each country has its own proof of the extinction of nature - the Red Book, where endangered species of flora and fauna contribute. Animals of the Samara region, listed in the Red Book, is no exception.

Samara Region

In the natural plan Samara region is favorably different from other regions of Russia in that several natural zones are simultaneously combined here. In this region there are steppes, mountains, forests and forest-steppe. Since ice did not reach this territory during the Ice Age, plants that have survived from those times grow here. This is an extremely rare phenomenon, and it is especially sad that the flora and fauna that existed for tens of millennia disappear due to human activities.

The situation is saved by the Zhigulevsky Reserve, organized in the late 1920s, but still the animals of the Red Book of the Samara Region continue to reduce their populations.

The Samara region occupies the territory, most of which is on the right bank of the Volga and is called Zavolzhye. Only 9% of the region is on the left bank of the river, which is called Predvolzhye. In the region there are two seas artificially formed by the Kuibyshev and Saratov hydroelectric power stations. There are also 306 natural monuments here, some of which are of national importance.

Disappearing species of insects

If you carefully study who is listed in the Red Book of the Samara Region, 17 species of insects are found among the fauna, whose population is decreasing every year. These include Orthoptera and dragonfly, as well as coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera. The rarest species:

• The emperor-watcher is one of the biggest dragonflies in the world. The wingspan of this insect reaches 50 mm, the trunk is green with stripes of black color. The tail of the males is blue, and the females are green, but for those, and for others along the entire back there is a black streak. This kind of dragonfly flies and hunts very quickly, using for fishing for insects thorns on the paws, which form a kind of "basket" for capturing the victim. The reason for the disappearance is the contamination of the ponds where they live, pesticides. They live in the Zhigulevsky Reserve.

• The deer beetle is not only very beautiful and majestic, but also the largest representative of the squadron in Europe. The reason for the reduction of their population is the destruction of the natural habitat. Beetles-deer live and reproduce in the trunks of old trees. The timber industry rarely allows trees to "age".

Some of the species of insects that were found in these parts are not just animals of the Red Book of the Samara Region. They appear in the lists of rare insects of Russia and Europe, for example, Apollo vulgaris, Usach alpine and others.

Rare plant species

In the Samara region there are more than 2000 plant species. Only 20% of its territory is forest, the rest - floodplain meadows, steppes and forest-steppe.

In forests, pine, oak, birch, linden, maple and elm are common . The most interesting are the floodplain meadows, since it is here that the rare specimens that the Red Book of the Samara Region protects predominate. Animals and plants, whose habitat is meadow, are more endangered than in other places. After the descent of water in the meadows, the intensive growth of rare plants begins, which are destroyed by people for profit.

Among them are 60 kinds of primroses: Tulip Shrenka, Mayan lily, Adonis spring, Tulip low, European basin and many others.

Most of these plants have medicinal properties, so their barbarous destruction is punishable by the law "On Protection of the Environment and Nature Management."

Disappearing animal species

Animals of the Red Book of the Samara region are constantly under threat of extinction. Over the past 100 years, 19 species of animals have completely disappeared from the territory of this region, among them the brown bear, otter, spotted and noble deer.

Among rare species - Russian desman, which is the largest representative of insectivorous mammals not only in Russia, but also in Europe. With a body length of up to 22 cm, the tail of this animal can reach 21 cm, and weight - from 380 to 500 grams. Webbed feet and not water-soaked fur make this animal a wonderful swimmer. Although the muskrat has very poor eyesight, she is a wonderful hunter thanks to the sense of smell and touch. Habitats are floodplain marshy places with a large number of plants and insects living in them.

This animal can completely disappear due to the poor condition of water bodies in this region.

European mink

Once this animal was massively planted in the forests of the Samara region, and today the European mink is another endangered species of mammals. This beautiful animal with a dense body and beautiful fur, eating fish, mice and berries, disappears because people use pesticides and spray pesticides over forests.

A sad example of the 20th century should be a lesson for those who live in the Samara region today. Otherwise, after another 100 years in the forests on its territory there will be no mammals at all or they will be reminded of the Red Book of the Samara Region. Animals (photos show this) do not deserve such an attitude.

Rare bird species

Endangered species of birds in the Samara region are represented by cranes, falciformes, Charadriiformes and one representative from the detachment of cirrus.

Endangered animals of the Red Data Book of Russia (Samara Region) have been replenished with such bird species:

• Black Stork is a rare bird not only in this territory, but also in its main habitats - Eurasia and Africa. Therefore, the attitude towards it should be the most careful. Nests in the deaf forests of the Zhigulevsky Reserve.

• Falconiformes are represented by golden eagle, balaban, burial ground, white-tailed eagle, steppe kestrel and an osprey.
• To the rare crane-like birds are the crane-crane and the bustard, living in the grass steppes.
• From the Charadriiformes in the Samara region under the protection of a lapwing and a kulik-magpie.

All listed species of birds are extremely rare, their population is reduced, so their fishing or shooting is prohibited by law.

Rare species of bats

This rare species in the Samara region is represented by Giant Vespers. Nest these bats in the dense floodplain forests of Samara Luke. Body length up to 105 mm and wingspan of up to 46 cm make it the largest representative of bats not only in Russia but also in Europe.

Due to the fact that the population of insects that feeds Vechernitsa is decreasing, its appearance also decreases.

Disappearing fish species

The situation in this region is inadequate and with reservoirs, so the animals of the Red Data Book of the Samara Region have been supplemented with a list of endangered fish species.

These include:

• The ordinary stalker is a small fry that lives in water bodies with running clean water. This sedentary fish prefers to hide in the stones and feed on fry of other fish or benthic invertebrates. The reason for the disappearance is pollution and muddy water bodies.
• Bath trout - river trout love rivers with a rapid current. The reason for population decline is also associated with the deterioration of the rivers in the Samara region.

If the situation does not change, then the Red Book of the Samara Region (animals, birds, fish, insects) will constantly increase the number of pages.