Accounting devices. Installation of metering devices. Readings of the metering devices

Counters are equipment that is used to measure the consumption of resources by consumers, provided as a single room, apartment, or the entire house. They are conditionally divided into common accounting devices and apartment houses.

In new apartment buildings, in accordance with the current legislation, the construction firm is obliged to install meters, since if this equipment is not available, the facility will not be allowed to operate. In the old housing stock, the apartment owners themselves are engaged in the installation. It is required to conduct a collection of homeowners to decide on the installation of house counters.

Increase in distribution

Tariffs for consumed resources are rising in our country every year, and it concerns all regions, both central and remote. Organizations that monitor their use write out invoices with impressive amounts, which are calculated on the basis of planned consumption per person, and not on actual use. This becomes the main reason for installing meters, but not everyone knows that you can save on this, thus saving the family budget.

rules

Every citizen is obliged to pay for used resources and utilities, but few have the desire to overpay. Counters are able to bring real savings, and they allow you to monitor the readings to choose a more economical option for consuming electricity, gas or water.

Those who already have meters, it is known that there are rules for their installation, which are as follows:

- the meter must have a specialized seal after the installation is completed, and sealing is the responsibility of the workers of the water channel;

- it is allowed to place the appliance within 20 cm from the entrance to the water pipe in the house or apartment. This prevents the insertion of the pipe to the measuring device;

- installation of check valve is required. It is used so that the consumer can not rewind the readings back, for example with a vacuum cleaner;

- Presence of a coarse filter before the counter for screening out sand and large particles. This helps prevent mechanical damage to parts and increase the accuracy of the data;

- the device must have certification in the territory of Russia. Otherwise, the user can get a refusal from the workers of the water canal and cancel the registration of the device.

Gas and electricity meters are installed by specialists of the gas industry and energy enterprises. In this case, the presence of the instrument's passport refers to the general rules, the serial number specified in the documentation must match the device number.

Preferential groups of citizens

As is known, beneficiaries are entitled to rely on free installation of meters, these are the following categories:

• Victims of political repression, prisoners of concentration camps, rehabilitated persons, workers of the rear, members of the Second World War;
• Lonely poor citizens and low-income families;
• Widows of war participants;
• Citizens who retired for old age;
• Families with minors with disabilities.

Large families also have the right to preferential installation of meters in the house or apartment. In this case, there is no payment for installation, but the responsibility of the installation goes to the family, it does not matter whether the third-party specialist will deal with it or whether the tenants will do it themselves.

The above-mentioned privileged categories of citizens can install meters of water, gas and electricity for free. The fee will not be levied either for meters of record or for calling employees. Immediately after installation, registration must be carried out. In case of self-installation, it is necessary to contact the management company, if a specialist was called, then he will make the registration process in his documents.

Local authorities in most regions of the country introduced free installation of meters for the population, for this purpose, regional budget funds are allocated. In the capital, such benefits are not available, only in some areas of work are paid by budgetary funds.

Self-installation

You can independently install the meter on water, then you need to invite a specialist, whose duties include sealing the counter and performing the recalculation of the readings, since the payment will begin to be charged from the day of the fixing of the seal. To carry out the installation by oneself is not difficult, it is enough to be able to handle the plumbing tools.

Before installing an electric meter, it is necessary to pay attention to the statute of limitations of the state verification of the device. The date can be found on the seal of the casing. It also requires determining the type of network, the number of disconnecting devices and their rated currents (RCDs, circuit breakers). Mounting is possible on metal, plastic and wooden flaps. The design of flaps, recesses and cabinets should provide simplified access to current transformers and clamps. In addition, it is important to ensure the possibility of installation with a slope of up to 1 ° and the convenience of subsequent replacement. The design should provide for the removal and installation of the device from the front.

After the meter has been installed on its own, as mentioned above, it is necessary to inform the specialist of the organization dealing with resource accounting. Then it is required to visit the accounting department of this management for the clearing of the payment, and also to fix the date of installation and the indication of the meters.

Installation of devices for gas metering

It is forbidden to install gas meters on your own. This is explained by the explosive nature, therefore all pipes and devices that are related to the transportation of this substance must be carefully insulated and have sealed joints. Ignoring the rules is fraught with sad consequences - leakage, gas can explode when interacting with oxygen or fire. If an independent installation of the metering devices is detected, specialists can cut off the supply of the resource.

Which company should I prefer?

Before calling an installation specialist, you need to decide on the company. It is worth paying close attention to whether the firm performs warranty maintenance of the devices and whether it has a license, as it is responsible for the correct installation. Also, it would be superfluous to find out about drawing up an act on the works performed and signing a contract.

Modern counters

Electronic individual meters are more accurate than induction meters. Many have an additional function that allows you to connect the device to automatic data collection systems for commercial accounting. Electronic-type meters are less susceptible to temperature changes, they are more reliable in operation, under more small loads, more accurate energy metering is carried out , and in the accuracy class they have a wide range of operation.

They are used to monitor the energy consumption of the device with a radio channel (remote data acquisition function). The sales agent of the electric power with the help of the reading special device can remove the control readings of the metering devices without going into the consumer's apartment.

What is a two-rate counter

There are multi-tariff and one-rate accounting devices. The former are able to maintain accurate data on consumption at different times of the day. They take into account energy at separate tariffs "Night" and "Day", due to which the consumer has an opportunity at night to use electricity at a reduced rate.

Such instruments must be programmed before the installation for zones that operate in the region of use. These zones and tariffs, corresponding to them, are determined by the regional administration.

Advantages of the device "Day-night"

After installing a multi-tariff meter, it is more advantageous for a consumer to use household energy-intensive appliances, for example a dishwasher and washing machine, a heater, a water heater, at night. One kilowatt-hour of the night tariff costs much less than the usual one.

Dual-rate energy meters are beneficial not only for consumers but also for energy companies. The thing is that during the day there is an uneven load on the station: the peak is noted in the morning and in the evening, while at night the energy sector is forced to reduce the amount of output. From the uneven load schedule, the technical condition of the equipment suffers. In addition, the energy firm operates at full capacity during periods of maximum activity, including at those facilities that have a high production cost. The greater distribution of the multi-tariff meter allows the power engineers to significantly reduce costs.

Heat metering devices

Heat meters are intended both for detecting the amount of heat, and for measuring the mass and the main characteristics of the coolant. The account of the spent energy not only at the source, but also at the consumers is carried out. The source can be a boiler house, a thermal district station, a thermal power station. Consumers include residential buildings, public and industrial buildings.

Installation of such meters allows you to monitor the hydraulic and thermal operating modes, evaluate the rationality of energy use, as well as note the parameters of coolant: pressure, temperature, volume. The profitability of acquiring the instrument over many years is confirmed and in most cases pays off for a short period of time.