Sexually transmitted diseases have been known since ancient times. Currently, the prevalence of STIs tends to grow. This is due to the fact that there are many ways of protection, which protect against unwanted pregnancy, but do not save from sexually transmitted diseases. This group of pathologies is dangerous because it is transmitted through sexual contact, it causes great inconvenience to the person, has serious complications. Some diseases are systemic and can lead to death in the absence of treatment, for example syphilis. A patient who has discovered signs of an STI should contact a specialized venerologist. To a narrow specialist of patients, district therapists, gynecologists, urologists and dermatologists direct. In addition, a nephrologist may be suspected of having a sexually transmitted disease if bacteria and protein are detected in the urinalysis in the absence of pathology of the urinary tract or the possibility of a co-infection.
A Venereologist is who?
A doctor who is involved in the detection and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases is called a venereologist. In addition to the treatment of the underlying pathology, it is the duty of this doctor to prevent complications and relapses, and to eliminate them. STIs have a similar symptomatology, so the specialist should conduct the correct differential diagnosis and prescribe timely and high-quality treatment. Another important goal of the venereologist is the prevention and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. To do this, the doctor should warn about possible complications, advocate a barrier method of protection for patients who do not have a permanent sexual partner. All these issues are handled by a venereologist.
What does this specialist treat?
In order to identify STDs, it is necessary to pay attention to the most common symptoms. The main signs of sexually transmitted diseases are pathological discharge from the genital tract, pain with sexual contact and urination, the appearance of eruptions on the penis in men, the labia and the vagina - in women, itching and burning. STI reveals a gynecologist, urologist-venereologist, dermatologist. Among the diseases the main role belongs to bacterial (syphilis, gonorrhea), viral (genital herpes, chlamydia, ureaplasmosis), as well as fungal infections (candidiasis). Due to the fact that many pathologies are accompanied by a rash, they allocate a special profession - dermatologist-venereologist. The most common diseases include: gonococcal infection, genital herpes, candidiasis, chlamydia, syphilis.
Diagnosis of STDs
First of all, the doctor should pay attention to the patient's complaints and the connection between the symptoms of the disease and the sexual contacts of the patient. The next step in the diagnosis is a thorough examination of the patient, which includes not only gynecological (urological) examination of organs, but also the state of the organism as a whole. It is necessary to assign standard tests: a general analysis of blood, urine. If a bacterial infection is detected in the urine or feces of a patient, a bacterioscopic examination is necessary. After the doctor is confident in the patient's STI, a comparative analysis of the venereal pathology is necessary. To do this, it is necessary to send the discharge from the genital tract to bacterial culture, virological research (PCR). A Venereologist is who? He is a doctor dealing with the problems of sexual infections, he must perfectly master the methods of diagnosis, as well as modern technologies for identifying the causative agents of sexually transmitted infections. At present, there are special laboratories equipped with the latest equipment, which allow carrying out the reactions of ELISA, RIF and others. The task of the venereologist is to know the technique of carrying out similar studies and be able to interpret the results.
Treatment of sexually transmitted diseases
Once an STI is identified, it is necessary to prescribe the right treatment. The Venereologist what treats? The doctor prescribes etiotropic therapy aimed at fighting the causative agent of the disease. Since sexually transmitted diseases can be caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi, their treatment differs from each other. In determining gonococcal or syphilitic infection, antibacterial therapy (penicillins) is prescribed. Candidiasis must be treated with antifungal drugs (nystatin). Such diseases as genital herpes, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, require antiviral therapy (acyclovir, interferon). In addition to etiotropic treatment, it is necessary to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs. Local therapy consists in washing the sex organs with solutions of antiseptics, applying lotions to the affected areas. A Venereologist is who? An experienced physician should be able to prescribe a quality treatment that will not only save the patient from STIs, but also prevent possible complications. Currently, drugs are widely distributed, combining etiotropic and anti-inflammatory components, they are aimed at treating several pathologies at once.
Complications of STIs
A good venereologist should warn the patient of possible complications, including the transition of the disease to a chronic form, prostatitis, orchitis, conjunctivitis, endometritis. Infertility is the most dangerous complication. HIV infection leads to a complete loss of immune properties of the body, which leads to the attachment of many secondary infections and death.
Prevention of STIs
The prevention of sexually transmitted diseases is limited to the restriction of sexual partners and the use of condoms. Important is vitamin therapy, proper nutrition, the lack of hypothermia and the treatment of chronic diseases, since most STIs develop against a background of weakened immunity.
A Venereologist is who? The specialist in this field is a valuable and necessary doctor in connection with the widespread spread of STIs, the danger of their complications, and it assists in the treatment and prevention of diseases. If there is a venereal disease, it is necessary to refer to the venereologist and follow his recommendations.