A linear object is what? Linear Object Layout Project

Classification of building objects occurs according to a large number of criteria and is very extensive. In this variety of residential and public buildings, buildings and structures far from the construction sphere, a person finds it difficult to understand. Consider what a vast group of linear structures is.

What it is?

In simple terms, a linear object is any object whose dimensions are much longer than its width. This group of capital construction projects will include various engineering networks, pipelines, roads (both automobile and iron), as well as bridges, tunnels, metro, cableway , etc. The location of a linear object is formed by a polyline - that is, a broken curve, which may, in addition, intersect with itself.

In general terms, the design principles of such facilities do not differ significantly from the creation of other projects in construction, but they have a number of subtleties in the collection of initial data, the development and execution of documentation and its coordination with various state structures.

Features

Such objects are more often distinguished by their scale, covering considerable distances, sometimes even in several regions of the country. And when it comes to large similar construction projects, their belonging to linear ones does not raise doubts. But with more small and local work, there can be controversial situations.

For example, even the reconstruction of a section of the road with the installation of a bus stop can be, if desired, reasoned to work on the construction of a linear object. Just as small sections of the water pipe can be designed, as bringing the communications to residential or public buildings. In other words, it is sometimes difficult to draw a clear distinction between linear and area objects. Sometimes they are combined. For example, the pipeline itself will be a linear structure, but the substations serving it will be a space one.

If in doubt, it is better to consult with the organization that will subsequently carry out an examination of this object. As a rule, they do not refuse to answer questions and give explanations, and this protects against lengthy and voluminous rework of project documentation.

Classification

A linear object will always be a building, not a building. It is intended for various types of production processes, the movement of both people and cargo, the unstable location of people, as well as the preservation of products; Has bearing, and sometimes also enclosing elements in a design.

With respect to the surface of the earth, a linear object can be ground, underground, and aboveground. By appointment, transport communications, collector systems (storm and sewage), water supply, irrigation, communication lines, pipelines for oil products, gas, water can be removed.

In normative documents, a linear object is a fairly open concept, i.e. A number of objects are listed, but there is room for adding other structures at the discretion of developers and designers in specific situations.

Property Issues

Legal design of the linear object remains controversial and difficult from the point of view of legislation - both land and urban planning. A number of such facilities require full ownership of the site under them (for example, roads, some high pressure pipelines, etc.), others do not exclude the use of this site for its intended purpose. So, for example, underground cables may well be under someone's land tenure. In this case, the owner of this property may have some disadvantages when using or encountering restrictions.

In the event that a planned line facility requires a land plot that is privately owned, a so-called land plot is established for this site. Public easement (the right to use someone else's landed property within a limited framework). If an easement leads to the total inability to use a private area, then its owner has the right to demand compensation payments. And they can be obtained both through local government bodies, and on behalf of the organization or person in whose favor this easement was made.

Security Zones

Linear objects have a retraction band, i.e. A zone in which construction of other structures is partially or completely prohibited, there are other restrictions. Within the right-of-way, the following is not permitted:

• Perform any work not related to the repair, maintenance or reconstruction of such an object;
• Engage in agricultural activities, violate the integrity of green spaces;
• Construction of buildings and structures not intended for servicing this facility;
• To establish incompatible with the owners of the object advertising structures, panels with information, etc.

Land use problems

Outside the right-of-way , conditions for limited land use can be established. In other words, no object is located on the site, the territory can be used by the master for the intended purpose, but with some prohibitions. For example, if an erected linear object is in the zone of possible landslides, then for their prevention it is not allowed to cut down trees in a significant area around it. It is also forbidden to prevent operating organizations and emergency services from passing to the facility for preventive maintenance and emergency response.

If the construction of line facilities requires temporary use of private land for the work, then upon completion of construction, these land must be restored and reclaimed. For the duration of the work these territories are leased out.

Project documentation

The design of the layout of the linear object is quite extensive and includes 10 sections: an explanatory note, the design of the right-of-way, directly decisions of this object (both technological and constructive), a set of buildings and structures in the infrastructure of the object under construction, PIC, project documentation describing the work on Demolition and dismantling of the facility, papers regulating fire safety and nature protection, estimates, as well as in special cases determined by law, other documents. All of the above documentation is subject to state expertise.

Depending on the requirements of the developer, the working design of the linear object may have a different degree of detail. Its specific volume and composition are also determined by the customer. Working documentation is allowed to be created both simultaneously with the project and after it in the course of implementation.