Women Health. Trophoblastic disease

Trophoblastic disease is an oncological disease caused by the development of a tumor from conception products. There is this disease is relatively rare, and in different parts of the globe has a different frequency. On the average, approximately one case per 1000 pregnancies takes place around the planet. The average number of cases per year (data of the last ten years) reaches 150-160 thousand people.

Classification of stages:

I - tumor in the uterus;
II - spread to other organs: vagina, ovaries, fallopian tubes;
III - metastases in the lungs;
IV - extensive metastases in other organs.

The percentage of recovery is high enough, provided that the diagnosis is put on time and a competent treatment strategy is chosen, aimed at completely curing the disease. Cancer (trophoblastic tumor) recedes in 90% of cases. Therefore, it is so important to consult a doctor in time.

Trophoblastic disease. Risk factors

The factors of increased risk include:

• Bladder skidding during pregnancy, as well as predisposition to it;
• First pregnancy after 35 years;
• Heredity, aggravated by the diagnosis of "trophoblastic disease."

In addition, pregnant women with the ІI blood group are more prone to developing trophoblastic tumors, especially those conceived by children from men with the first group. There is also a predisposition to the disease associated with living on an endemic territory - in some regions of the Earth the frequency of the disease reaches 1 case per 100 pregnancies.

Symptoms and Diagnosis of Trophoblastic Diseases

1. The development of the tumor is accompanied by vaginal acyclic bloody discharge. This is especially true for patients who have experienced bladder skidding. The most abundant may be bleeding accompanying a tumor located in the fallopian tube or uterine wall. The formation of metastatic nodes can also be accompanied by internal bleeding.
2. Trophoblastic tumors are accompanied by pains in the lower abdomen, with a cramping current.
3. Bleeding quickly causes progressive anemia, leads to a clotting disorder, causes fever and fever.
4. Metastatic lung injury is accompanied by a paroxysmal cough, pain in the chest. When metastases penetrate the brain, there are severe headaches, paresis of the extremities. If there was a lesion of the intestines - digestive disorders, nausea. If the kidneys are damaged, an admixture of blood may appear in the urine.

Examination of patients with suspected diagnosis of "trophoblastic disease"

1. Gynecological examination with the help of mirrors, during which the doctor draws attention to the color of the mucosa, tumor nodes, the size of the uterus and appendages.
2. Ultrasound diagnosis, which helps to reliably determine the presence or absence of a tumor in the uterus. Also, ultrasound is used at various stages of treatment to assess its effectiveness.
3. Additional methods: histological scraping, analysis on the level of human gonadotropin in the blood.

Trophoblastic disease and methods of its treatment

When choosing methods of treatment, an individual approach is used, since for the best result it is necessary to take into account age, blood group, hormone level in the blood (in particular HCG), the nature of the previous pregnancy, the size and location of tumor nodes, metastases.

Trophoblastic tumors are very susceptible to chemotherapy. The greatest effect is achieved by such drugs as Chlorambucil, Methotrexate, and Dactinomycin.

When the brain is damaged, radiation is used along with chemotherapy.

Exodus

Modern medicine allows you to diagnose and begin treatment in the early stages. Chemotherapy gives an effect in most cases. The timely treatment allows not only to save the patient's life, but also to restore health completely, to preserve the reproductive function.