What is sovereignty?

What is sovereignty? In modern politics and international relations, this definition is immensely common . Diplomats, deputies, various statesmen in search of popularity and their fawning with the people periodically turn to this notion. Even more often it comes up when it comes to the relationship between Russia and neighboring countries: Ukraine, Belarus, Poland, Kazakhstan and others. In order not to be confused, let's try to understand the details of what sovereignty is.

The essence of the concept

The concept of sovereignty presupposes the right to supreme political power over something and the independence of its actions from any external forces. That is, in such a case, what is the sovereignty of the state? This is the political and legal ability of state power to act freely and completely in its own interests in domestic and foreign policy. Political scientists distinguish between two types of state sovereignty. Internal, which expresses the absolute completeness of government power over all state systems, its monopoly over the legislative, executive and judicial power. External: signifies the independence and equality of state representatives in the international arena, inadmissibility of interference of other states in external affairs. Having answered the first question about what sovereignty is, we will sort it out in some of its varieties. Since this concept can be extended both to public education and specifically to the people's organism.

National sovereignty

To date, international law has singled out the concept of not only state, but also national and people's sovereignties. The idea of national sovereignty took shape during the nineteenth century, the period of the birth of nations proper in their modern understanding. Mass national movements for the independence of peoples who do not have it (in the nineteenth century - Poles, Czechs, Hungarians, at the dawn of the twentieth - Ukrainians, Lithuanians, Irish and others) pushed the world socio-political thought to the conviction that every nation has the right to acquire absolute Political freedom from other nations and the creation of their state. Through its own state, any nation realizes its highest aspirations and ambitions in all historical aspects. In modern international law, this essence is expressed by the phrase that each The nation has the right to self-determination. However, here in international law there is still an unresolved conflict, because this principle comes with another principle - the inviolability of existing borders.

People's sovereignty

The concept of popular sovereignty was born somewhat earlier than the national one. It arose together with the ideas of the French educators about democratic, not monarchical power. Actually, it is the fact that the people are the source and bearer of the supreme power in the state, and the elected government is only its instrument, and it is assumed when we speak of people's sovereignty.