VAZ turbo: where to start, instruction on turbo

Almost all motorists today are trying to somehow distinguish their car from the stream, make the car special. Improving the driving qualities are involved almost immediately after the acquisition. Often on the roads you can find a turbo VAZ. With the installation of turbocharging on the engines of "AvtoVAZ" can significantly increase the power of the engine. But without a turbine, but with the installation of tuned components, a significant increase in power will not be obtained. Let's see how to assemble a turbocharged engine for VAZ.

What you need to know about supercharging

Turbocharging is the forced injection of air into the combustion chambers by creating a high-pressure zone at the inlet of the intake path. When the driver of the car presses the pedal and the throttle opens, much more air will enter the intake manifold than if it were being supplied at atmospheric pressure. With an increase in the amount of oxygen, the carburetor or injector also increases the amount of fuel. This increases the motor power.

The combustion chamber has a fixed size, and its volume is a constant value. On a regular engine, only a limited amount of fuel mixture is placed in it. To increase the power, it is necessary to place a larger volume of fuel in the cylinder. This is realized by creating a high pressure that compresses the mixture. Then it will take less space. To do this, you need a turbo.

The advantages of installing a turbine on VAZ engines

Installation of a turbo-compressor has a lot of advantages. The mechanism has a rather low weight. Turbines are often universal - they can be adjusted for any engines, carburetors and other power systems. The kit can be installed on tuned motors, and installation will not prevent further development. You can turbochargers of any size.

Where to begin?

Not any machine is suitable for tuning. It is important to pay attention to the condition of the car. It is better to dismantle the car to the ground. The main problem is corrosion. It must be understood that the metal on cars from AvtoVAZ is thin enough, and high loads are contra-indicated to him. It's worth putting a heavy load on, and the rusty metal will literally tear.

Start with the replacement of metal in the engine compartment by a more powerful one. When all body faults are repaired, you can continue tuning further. If the car is bought specifically for tuning, then the first thing to do is make it move in a sink condition. Next, change the wiring, lead to a good state of the engine or change it to a sixteen-valve. Also carry out revision of brake system and transmission.

This is the first point from which the turbine instruction begins. When the iron returned to the ideal, close to the factory state, you can continue on. Especially, we already know enough about the equipment for the turbo charging.

Suitable engines

The easiest way is to make a turbo VAZ on the basis of a 16-valve unit. It is distinguished by a fairly simple design and due to this, it is also simple in tuning and maintenance. And most importantly - it is ideal for motorsport, since at a minimal cost is able to produce sufficient power.

Older engines equipped with a carburetor power system, similar to tuning, almost do not lend themselves. But some craftsmen still build a VAZ-2106 turbo. 8-valve injector motors would be suitable for civilian operation, however, in motorsports, every horsepower is needed and important. Specialists in auto-tuning recommend using only 16-valve VAZ engines.

What is needed to build a turbocharged engine?

For those who want to get the power of 200+, it is best to get the engine block from the "Lada Kalina". You can use a block from the VAZ-2110, however, when building a car for motorsport, any small thing is important. The engine also needs a crankshaft from the Kalina, where the crank has a diameter of 75.6 mm. Pistons for VAZ turbo are better to buy forged ones, preliminary having cut out on them a notch under the necessary degree of compression.

Turbocharger

This supercharger is made in the form of a separate unit, which is driven by a drive belt.

The latter will take the torque from the crankshaft. The compressor is not connected to the lubricating or cooling system of the motor. To relieve excess pressure, which sometimes occurs in the intake tract in some operating modes, an additional valve is connected to the air. Often, for tuning cars use two versions of compressors - a centrifugal and screw. The first is made in the form of a snail, inside which there is an impeller. In a screw compressor, the pressure is obtained by simultaneously rotating two shafts equipped with blades.

For self-tuning cars apply centrifugal compressors. They are more accessible, have small overall dimensions, are easy to install. Due to the fact that the performance characteristics are limited by the engine speed, it can produce no more than 0.7 bar of pressure. The compressor can raise the engine power from 15% to 30% at maximum speeds to 40 thousand per minute. This is a rather serious indicator.

Among the advantages of compressors can be distinguished high durability and reliability, small requirements to the state of the motor, ease of installation, availability. In the process of the turbocharger, the pickup happens at speeds of three or more. The motor immediately reacts to the depressing of the pedal - in this case no, the so-called "turbojam", which happens when installing other superchargers. However, at high engine speeds (more than five thousand), the power gain is practically invisible.

Gas turbine

Among the features of the turbine can be identified the speed of its rotation. It can reach 200 thousand rpm, while the pressure can reach up to 2 bar. This turbine is capable of increasing engine power to 50 percent. The bearings of the turbine rotate at enormous speeds and require lubrication. The system is connected to the internal combustion engine. The turbine needs a certain amount of time to gain the necessary speed. Therefore, it will begin to work only after three thousand revolutions. If you try to sharply press the accelerator pedal at low engine speed, the exhaust gas pressure will be too small to operate the unit. You can feel the failures. This phenomenon is called nothing but a "turbojama."

We select the turbocharger

If you install a small element, it will work at small and medium revs of the crankshaft. At high such a compressor will not function. With a large aggregate, everything is exactly the opposite. The most commonly installed models are TD04L from Subaru, TD05 - Mitsubishi, Garett turbines, Chinese turbines of questionable quality - T3 and T4.

Cooling

With the cooling of the VAZ turbo everything is simple. Install two-row radiators from VAZ-2110, as they are much more efficient. You can also install an intercooler. If it is too big, it can cause problems.

The small one does not have the proper performance and simply will not have time to cool the air fed into the cylinders.

Blow-off valve

This is an important part of the design. Its main task is to discharge some of the air after the throttle closes. If this valve does not exist, then the pressure can literally break all connections. There are a lot of valves of these on the market - from industrial ones to those made by oneself.

Valve "Westgate"

This valve is necessary to allow some of the air to pass through the turbine. Thus, the set pressure in the system is maintained.

Ready-made sets

To create a turbo-motor, it is not necessary to collect a set of necessary equipment. Today you can buy ready-made sets. They are designed for both 16-valve engines and 8-valve injectors.

Set for 8-valve engines

The turbo kit for the 8-valve engine has the following characteristics. It is capable of generating a pressure of up to 0.5 bar. With this kit, you can increase the power to 120 horsepower, and the torque to 190 Nm. The installation of this kit does not affect the life of the power unit. The installation is quite simple, and all the parts from the kit are hinged. For installation, you do not need to somehow refine the engine.

The turbo kit includes:

• Steel collector.
• Turbocharger.
• Gaskets.
• Oil supply hose.
• Coolant supply system.
• Valve for overpressure relief.
• Connecting elements.
• Fasteners and other details.

The set for 16-valve units is completely similar. Also its technical characteristics are similar. On sale it is possible to find a turbo-whale on the 8-valve engine capacity to 250 horsepowers. It uses a turbocharger with a pressure of 1 bar.

Installation

It should be remembered that equipping the engine with a turbocharger system is a fairly long process. Although the manufacturers of sets and say that you can do without upgrading the engine, this is not entirely true. Where to begin? Of course, with the purchase of necessary parts and engine preparation. It is necessary to replace pistons, rings, cylinder head gasket, fuel regulator, throttle, as well as tubes and other parts. All these mechanisms should be as reliable as possible.

It should also be remembered that the construction of a powerful car can vary significantly depending on the model of the turbine. The instruction will be sufficiently averaged. For example, in order to build a turbo VAZ-2106, first you need to replace the motor.

It is necessary to install a 16-valve injector unit. The first step is to prepare the engine. The motor is dismantled, the cylinders, the crankshaft, the connecting rods, the oil pump are inspected. If necessary, grind the unit. Pistons should be purchased after the cylinders have been prepared.

Further, attachments are assembled. At this stage, install the injectors, change the fuel pump. Then install the receiver, exhaust manifold and apply the turbine. Also mount all the steel elements. And, finally, the last stage is tuning. The maximum power, torque and other characteristics of the motor will depend on how professionally and correctly the adjustment is made. If all the operations for the preparation and assembly of the system can be done by oneself, then for the adjustment it will be better to turn to professionals (especially if VAZ is a turbo with gas). By the way, now there is a lot of controversy about whether it is possible to put on the "turbo" HBO. Experts say that the octane number of such a mixture is more than 102. Therefore, the gas does not harm the operation of such a power unit.