The socialist countries of the world

From 1940 to 1950, countries with socialist ideology were called "countries of people's democracy." By 1950, there were fifteen of them. What socialist countries were then included in this number? In addition to the Soviet Union, they were: the NSA (Albania), the SFRY (Yugoslavia), Czechoslovakia (Czechoslovakia), Bulgaria (NRB), Vietnam (Vietnam), Hungary (Hungary), SRR (Romania), GDR (part of Germany), Poland ), China (China), MPR (Mongolia), Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao People's Republic), North Korea (North Korea) and the Republic of Cuba.

What distinguished the socialist countries from other countries in the world? What irritated the representatives of capitalism? First and foremost, socialist ideology, in which public interests are above the interests of the individual.

The dramatic events and the defeat of socialism in the Soviet Union could not but affect the system of international relations. The bipolar world has become a multipolar world. The USSR was a rather influential subject. Its disintegration placed the remaining socialist countries of the world in an extremely difficult and rather dangerous situation: they had to defend their policies and their sovereignty without the support of the most powerful state previously. The reactionaries of the whole world were sure that Korea, Cuba, Vietnam, Laos and China would collapse in a short time.

However, to date, these socialist countries continue to build a socialist society, and their population, by the way, is a quarter of the population of the whole Earth. Perhaps the tragic fate of Iraq, Yugoslavia and Afghanistan allowed them to withstand the worst of the 1990s, which came to the collapse of the Union and led to chaos. Belonging to the Soviet Union, the role of the avant-garde decided to take over China, to which the other socialist countries began to equal.

The development of socialism in this country is more conveniently divided into two main periods: Mao-Zezdun (from 1949 to 1978) and Densyaopin (which began in 1979 and continues to this day.

The first "five-year plan" China successfully accomplished with the help of the USSR, achieving an annual economic growth of 12%. The share of its industrial output rose to 40%. At the Eighth Congress of the CPC, it was declared that the socialist revolution was victorious. The plans for the next "five-year plan" were to increase the indicators. But the desire to make a huge leap led to a sharp decline (by 48%) production.

Convicted of obvious excesses, Mao Zedong was forced to leave the country's leadership and plunge into theory. But such a rapid decline has played a positive role: the rapid growth of the economy was stimulated by interest in its work of every working person. Industrial production in four years has more than doubled (by 61%), and the growth in agricultural production has stopped the mark of 42%.

However, the so-called "cultural revolution", which began in 1966, plunged the country into unmanageable economic chaos for twelve years.

Deng Xiaoping brought the PRC out of the crisis, who went deep into the study of the writings of Marxist-Leninist theorists and developed his way to socialism, similar to the national concept of NEP. External aggression of the PRC still threatened, so the duration of the transition period was to be fifty years.

The third Plenum of the eleventh convocation announced a new course, focusing on the combination of the planning and distribution system and the market, with a massive attraction of investments from other countries. In addition, the formation of independent enterprises, family contracts, new discoveries in science was encouraged.

The young socialist country was developing rapidly:

- every decade doubled industrial production;

- China's GDP ceded to only US GDP by 2005;

- The average annual income increased (up to 1,740 cu per person);

- Indicators of mutual trade outscored the same US indicators for 200 million cu (Despite Washington's restriction on the import of Chinese products);

- gold reserves surpassed the reserves of all countries, becoming the largest in the world;

- has increased, and significantly, the life expectancy of the Chinese.

Many countries, including its closest neighbors, are now looking at the development experience of the PRC.