The largest museums of medicine in Moscow and Ekaterinburg

Everyone who is not involved in the medical profession is curious to know what mysterious and terrible tools are hidden under a sterile sheet in the surgical dressing or what happens in the operating room under the bright light of the lamps. The museum of medicine, of course, opens the veil of secrecy a little, but the main exhibits show a history of medicine development, achievements of great doctors, their jobs and books, photographs and portraits, awards.

Description

Until now, in Russia there is no museum of medicine in any city as an independent institution. All of them are additional institutions at universities, academies, medical scientific communities or hospitals. Creators and custodians, as well as guides, are the employees of the institutions described above, that is, doctors, nurses, researchers.

It is impossible to get to most medicine museums, you need to go to the administration and make preliminary arrangements with the co-workers about the excursion. Most often visitors to such museums are local and visiting medical students, doctors from Russian cities and their foreign colleagues.

Museums of Medicine in Russia: the history of creation

The antiquarian collections already appeared at the end of the 17th century to a greater extent at the monasteries, where the sisters of mercy treated not only the soul, but also the body, as well as at the pharmacies.

The founder of the same museum of medicine was Peter I, whose efforts were conscious of the famous Kunstkammer in 1719 and still working in St. Petersburg. Perhaps, this is the only case when the ruler initiated the creation of an institution of this kind. Most often, the creators of medical museums are members of scientific communities, scientists and doctors. The Kunstkammer is one of the few museums of medicine that anyone can get to.

At the end of the XIX century, several museums were opened in the departments of medical universities: the Pirogov Memorial Museum, the Museum of the Russian Society for the Preservation of Public Health, etc. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Moscow Museum of Social Hygiene began its work in the years of Soviet power. Expositions of medical museums in Moscow and other cities (Kiev, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Kazan, Novorossiysk) ranged from memorial and historical to industry. For example, a museum of dentistry or surgery.

The largest museums of medicine in Russia

The Museum of Applied Medicine in Moscow was the first major of such museums not only in Russia, but also in Western countries. It was created under the leadership of Professor Saveliev in 1913.

The most significant collection of exhibits is in the museum of the history of medicine at one of the oldest educational institutions - the University. Sechenov, which is located in Moscow next to the metro station "Frunzenskaya." There are many exhibits dedicated to military field medicine of 1941-1945, the "evolution" of surgical instruments from wooden and porcelain to modern ones is shown. There is a large number of visual aids, things and awards of great Russian doctors (Sechenov, Pirogov, Pavlov and even had a short medical career of Chekhov).

The Mechnikov Museum of Forensic Medicine in St. Petersburg has always aroused great interest not only among students of medical institutions, but also in people of other professions. Until 2000 there was simply a department with visual aids for sixth-year students studying forensic medicine. Then the university administration opened a museum, which can be visited by organized tourist groups by appointment. Of the most creepy exhibits, the most memorable is the mummy of a girl who hung herself in the woods, the mummy of a man who was alcohol addicted, sitting at a table, various injuries of the skull, sick human organs, the black lung of an inveterate smoker and anomalies in banks with formalin.

Museums of Medicine in Moscow

In the capital there are about 10 museums of medicine attached to colleges, institutes, universities and hospitals.

The Museum of the History of Medicine of the Moscow State Medical and Dental University was founded in 1926 and is devoted mainly to the core industry. Here there are chic dental chairs for the treatment of aristocratic nobility, dental machines, which are more than 100 years old.

Museum of Cardiovascular Surgery at the Scientific Center. Bakuleva demonstrates various heart valves, the operating room of the mid-20th century has been reconstructed, and blood circulation and anesthesia apparatuses have been reconstructed. The staff conducts very informative excursions about the early representations of a person in the field of the cardiovascular system.

In the museum of the history of surgery. Vishnevsky can learn the biography of the famous surgeon Pirogov, see his letters and awards, as well as the very first topographical atlas of human anatomy, thanks to which doctors stopped operating almost "blindly" and "to the touch."

Museum of Medicine of Ekaterinburg

The exhibition collection was opened in the early 80's. XX century at the Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 and has more than 70,000 exhibits.

Many storage units are associated with the activities of the famous Ural doctors Sheffer, Lida and Kushelevsky: here are their personal belongings and awards, notes and recipes. Other exhibits belong to folk medicine, including Muslim medicine, there are also old microscopes, sets of ophthalmologist, dentist and gynecologist. The museum has a free entrance for anyone who is interested in medicine. You can call the management in advance and organize an excursion, where employees will gladly tell entertaining and informative stories about their collections.

The role of museums of medicine in the life of society

In the first place, such museums are designed for students who receive a doctor's profession, or for high school students who want to connect their lives with medicine in the future. For example, the Museum of Medicine History of Yekaterinburg is open to all visitors. However, staff note that ordinary people some of the exhibits seem creepy, so they only need one trip to the museum to satisfy their curiosity. Students of medical universities visit the exhibition several times to get the most benefit for future work.

Thanks to such exhibition exhibits, a person fully understands the great work of medical workers, which is based on colossal knowledge and humanism. Museum items of military field medicine show how difficult it was for doctors and sisters to create a medical case in conditions of unsanitary conditions and endless threats of enemy attacks.

Exhibits of forensic medicine make people once again think about the way of their life, reconsider the attitude to bad habits, appreciate and love all the beautiful things that surround us.