The causes of the Troubles. Short course of events. Consequences of the Time of Troubles

Troubles of the early 17th century is considered one of the most tragic historical epochs in Russia. This period has had a huge impact on the further development of the state.

Troubles. Causes. Short course of events

According to some authors, the events of that time can be characterized both as regular and as accidental. However, before this period in the history of the country it is difficult to find an era that would contain so many unfavorable factors.

The troubled time began after the death of John Vasilyevich. As is known, Boris Godunov, who had connections with the oprichnina, came to power. Along with this, a crop failure occurs. Hunger riots began in the weakened country in the Livonian War . Godunov struggles to save the situation. But all his attempts are useless. Moreover, he is suspected of the murder of Dmitry (the son of Grozny), and the society does not accept any evidence and investigations. The authority of the new tsar falls completely in the conditions of the people's plight. All these circumstances lead to the appearance of impostors. Desperate people are ready to stand up for those who promise improvements.

Sweden and Poland, claiming Russian territory, use the Time of Troubles and the appearing impostors in their own interests. So, for example, False Dmitry 1, supported by the Polish king, turned into a king of Russia for a year. However, his excessive attention to the Polish kingdom caused discontent among the population. This took advantage of Shuisky, who raised the discontented against the pretender. As a result, power was again replaced.

The accession of Shuisky in 1606 did not correct the situation. During the reign of the new king, the thieving movement unfolds. As a result, the rebellion Bolotnikova. According to some authors, this insurrection was the first civil war in the Russian state.

At the same time appears False Dmitry 2. Bolotnikov unites with him. The war is moving to a new stage. The offensive begins on Russia. The Poles seize Smolensk.

Shuisky, being in a desperate situation, turns to Sweden for help. As a result, the allied Russian-Swedish army first defeats the Polish troops, and then suffers defeat in the Klushin battle.

Failures in the battles finally undermined Shuisky's authority. The new stage of the Troubles was marked by a conspiracy in Moscow. As a result, Shuisky is removed. Power goes to the boyars, who swore allegiance to Vladislav (the Polish king's son). In the autumn of 1610 Poles entered Moscow.

From 1610 to 1613 years. The period of "Semiboyarschina" begins. A major anti-Polish movement is beginning in the country. Rebellions cover many cities, a people's militia is being formed. This movement is defeated. However, by the next year, the second militia was formed, led by Minin and Pozharsky. Moscow was taken, and the Poles were forced to capitulate.

At a meeting of the Zemsky Sobor convened in 1613, a new tsar was elected. The epoch of reign of the Romanov dynasty began. The first king of this dynasty was Michael, who at that time was sixteen years old.

The consequences of the Troubles became the most difficult for the whole state. The events of that period led to impoverishment, undermining the economy, economic ruin.

The consequences of the Troubles were expressed in the territorial losses of Russia. The Kola Peninsula, Smolensk, Ukraine was withdrawn from the state.

The consequences of the Troubles were also manifested in the cultural sphere. Some isolation of the country has intensified. The state was weakened. Despite the victory, Russia was in very difficult conditions.

The internal situation in the country was reflected, certainly, and on its external position. Russia began to occupy a different place in the structure of economic and political ties. Relations with some countries temporarily ceased, the country's military potential was in decline.

The consequences of the Troubles were to be overcome by several generations of rulers.