Stone in the bladder: causes, symptoms and treatments

The stone in the bladder is a fairly common diagnosis. The disease is associated with the deposition in the cavity of the bladder of small formations that interfere with the normal functioning of the genitourinary system. It is interesting that among men this problem is much more common.

Stones, as a rule, consist of uric acid, calcium oxalate and other minerals. They can be single or multiple, have different shapes, sizes and consistency.

Stone in the bladder: causes

To date, there are many reasons that lead to the formation of concrements in the bladder cavity:

• The most common cause is the so-called infravesical obstruction - a phenomenon that is associated with partial obstruction of the outflow of urine. As a result of current disturbance, the bubble is not fully emptied. The urine stagnates and eventually crystallizes, forming stones of different sizes. In men, an enlarged prostate gland can lead to an obstruction, and in women - a bladder lesion in the cervical region.

• In addition, a stone in the bladder can occur as a result of narrowing of the urethra, phimosis and other diseases that complicate the outflow of urine.

• In some cases, a similar problem is caused by a disruption of the connections between the bladder and the nervous system - these diseases are united under the name "neurogenic bladder".

• A stone in the bladder can be formed by the presence of foreign bodies in the body cavity, including ligatures, stents, suture materials, and mechanical contraceptives (spiral).

• In women, this phenomenon can lead to prolapse of the uterus along with the displacement of the bladder.

• Reconstructive surgery on the bladder, which is carried out for the treatment of incontinence, can also cause the formation of stones.

One can notice that there are actually a lot of reasons for the formation of solids in the bladder cavity.

Stone in the bladder: symptoms

Occasionally, the disease can be asymptomatic. But in most cases, patients complain of severe pain in the lower abdomen. The urge to urinate increases, but during this process there are severe pains that give to the pubic bone and genitals. Patients also complain of frequent nocturnal urges. Sometimes in the urine there are traces of blood. Sexual intercourse becomes painful.

Stone in the bladder: diagnosis and treatment

With the above symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor. First you need to pass urine tests - a laboratory test usually reveals an elevated level of salts. In addition, the patient is prescribed ultrasound examination of the bladder, which allows you to determine the size and consistency of the stones. Much less often internal examination of the bladder with the introduction of a special device - a cytoscope.

As for the treatment, then, as a rule, conservative methods will suffice for a complete cure. The main goal of therapy is to dissolve stones and remove salts from the body. Therefore, patients are prescribed various drugs that destroy the structure of the deposits. The choice of a medicine here depends on the mineral of which the stone is made. But sometimes surgical extraction of formations is still required.