Results of the revolution 1905-1907. The first Russian revolution of 1905-1907.

Power, which was in the hands of one emperor, ceased to organize a multi-million empire. The discontent engendered by many problems, both in political and social spheres, grew into a revolution. The worries grew. The monarch could no longer cope with the situation. He had to compromise, which became the beginning of the end of the empire.

Internal preconditions for the revolution

Residents of a huge state were dissatisfied with the conditions of their residence and work on many issues. Revolution of 1905-1907 years. Embraced all the estates of Russia. What exactly could unite people from different social groups and ages?

1. The peasants had almost no rights. Despite the fact that this group of the population was the majority of the inhabitants of the Russian Empire (70%), they were poor and starving. This situation highlighted the agrarian question.
2. The supreme power did not seek to limit its powers and carry out a number of liberal reforms. At that time, the ministers of Svyatopolk-Mir and Witte put forward their projects for consideration.
3. The working question also remained acute. Representatives of the working class complained that there was no one to take care of their interests. The state did not interfere in the relationship between the subordinate and the employer. Entrepreneurs often used this and created favorable conditions for their own work and payment. As a result, the revolution in Russia has set itself the goal of solving this.
4. Discontent of the inhabitants of the empire, whose territory was 57% of non-Russian citizens, increased due to the unresolved national issue. Forcible russification was not as calm as the authorities imagined.

As a result, a small spark instantly turned into a flame that enveloped the remotest corners of the empire. A significant role was played by treason from some high military officials. They provided the revolutionaries with weapons and tactical recommendations and determined the outcome of the case, even before the outbreak of popular unrest.

External causes of the revolution

The main external cause was the defeat of the empire in the Russo-Japanese War in 1904. Failures at the front gave rise to dissatisfaction with the part of the population that hoped for a successful outcome of the military actions - soldiers, their relatives.

According to the unofficial version, Germany was very much afraid of the growing power of Russia, therefore sent spies who harassed the local population and spread rumors that the West would help everyone.

Bloody Sunday

The main event, which shook the public foundations, is considered to be a peaceful demonstration on Sunday, January 9, 1905. Later this Sunday will be called "bloody".

A peaceful demonstration of peasants and workers was led by the priest and active public figure Georgy Gapon. Protesters planned to arrange a personal meeting with Nicholas II. They were heading for Winter. In total in the center of the then capital gathered about 150 000 people. Nobody expected that a revolution in Russia would begin.

Officers came out to meet the workers. They began to demand that the protesters stop. But the demonstrators did not obey. The officers began to fire weapons to disperse the crowd. The military, who did not have guns, beat people with sabers and whips. That day, 130 people were killed and 299 injured.

The king during all these events was not even in the city. He prudently left with his family from the palace.

The society could not forgive the tsarist authorities such an amount of innocently murdered citizens. Together with the priest Gapon, who survived that Sunday, plans began to be prepared to overthrow the monarchy.

The words "Down with autocracy!" Were heard everywhere. Revolution of 1905-1907 years. Became a reality. In Russian cities and villages skirmishes began.

The Rebellion on the Potemkin

One of the turning points of the revolution was a mutiny on the largest Russian battleship - "Prince Potemkin Taurian". The uprising took place on June 14, 1905. The crew of the battleship numbered 731 people. Among them there were 26 officers. The crew members closely communicated with the workers at the shipyards. From them they adopted the idea of strikes. But the team began to take decisive action only after they were served rancid meat for lunch.

This became the main point of reference. During the strike, six officers were killed, and the rest were placed in custody. The team of Potemkin fed on breadcrumbs and water, standing under the red flag for 11 days in the open sea, after which they surrendered to the authorities of Romania. Their example was adopted on "George Pobedonostse", and later - on the cruiser "Ochakov".

Culmination

Certainly, the outcome of the revolution of 1905-1907 could not be foreseen at that time. But when in the fall of 1905 a massive All-Russian strike took place, the emperor was forced to listen to the people. Started by her printers, and supported by workers from other unions. The government issued a decree on the fact that from now on some political freedoms were granted. Also, the emperor gave kindness to the creation of the State Duma.

The granted freedoms suited the Mensheviks and Socialist-Revolutionaries, who took part in strikes. For them, at that time, the revolution was over.

RSDLP

The revolution was just beginning for the radicals. In December of the same year, the members of the RSDLP organized an uprising with weapons on the streets of Moscow. At this stage, the outcome of the revolution of 1905-1907. Are supplemented also with the published law about elections in the first State Duma.

Having achieved active actions from the authorities, taking them into the outcome of the revolution of 1905-07, the representatives of the workers' party no longer wanted to stop. They expected the results of the work of the State Duma.

Activity decline

The period from 1906 to the first half of 1907 is characterized by a relative lull. The State Duma, which mainly included the Cadets, set to work, becoming the main legislative body. In February 1907, a new State Duma was created, the second, consisting almost entirely of the left. She was dissatisfied, and after only three months of work the Duma was dismissed.

The strikes also continued regionally, but the power of the monarch was significantly strengthened by that time.

Results of the revolution of 1905-1907

The first revolution ended not so radical changes, which were sought by representatives of radical workers. The monarch remained in power.

Nevertheless, the main results of the Russian revolution of 1905-1907 can be called significant and fatal. They not only summed up the absolute power of the emperor, but also forced to draw the attention of millions to the appalling state of the economy, the belated technical progress and the underdevelopment of the army of the Russian Empire in comparison with other states.

The results of the revolution of 1905-1907 can be briefly described in several paragraphs. Each of them became a symbol of victory over the power of the empire. Nicholas II managed to retain power in his hands, effectively losing control of the army and navy.

The summary results of the revolution of 1905-1907: table

Here in short, we can characterize the events of 1905-1907. And their consequences.