Monolithic houses - what is it? Technology monolithic houses

"Monolithic houses - what is this?" - This question is often asked by those who want to buy an apartment in a new building. What are the advantages and disadvantages of such buildings and is it worth the housing in them the money that the developer requests? About what the operational characteristics of such buildings differ, as well as about the features of the technology of their erection and we will talk further in the article.

Varieties of houses poured from concrete

If we talk about high-rise buildings, the buildings erected with the use of cement mortar can be divided into several basic types:

• With brick interior walls and monolithic exterior.
• With concrete exterior and brick internal.
• Completely cast from cement slurry.
• With concrete walls and plasterboard partitions.
• With internal and external walls from a cement mix in general without partitions.

The construction of residential buildings of this type in combination with brick allows to improve the building's characteristics in terms of environmental cleanliness. However, of course, the erection of such combined structures is more expensive, and consequently, apartments have a higher cost. The cheapest type is the last type of house. However, for living, such buildings are not too convenient. The fact is that the acoustics in them are almost perfect.

Foundation of monolithic houses

So, monolithic houses. What is it, we hope, now you are more or less clear. Next, in general terms, consider the technology of erecting such buildings. Since the walls cast from modern light types of concrete do not weigh too much, on stable dense soils under such constructions simple simple tape bases are erected. Buildings with such a foundation are cheaper. On complex soils, a pile-and-grate foundation is usually used.

Structure skeleton

Technology monolithic houses (their erection) is not difficult. Fill such high-rise buildings in a wooden frame, which has a cross-sectional view of the letter "P". Racks are made from a planed timber with a moisture content of no more than 18%. Its cross-section is usually 50x100 mm. The distance between the posts, that is, the thickness of the walls, is usually 75 cm. The distance between them along the length of the wall depends on the width of the plates of the chosen type of insulation for the facade.

The assembly should be carried out correctly. Only in this case will a reliable, able to withstand the pressure of the mixture, an even frame of the house. Monolithic concrete - the material is durable and durable. However, the performance of the building depends on the quality of the frame as well. In order for it to turn out to be stable, the racks are carefully leveled and strengthened in a vertical position with braces. They are mounted not directly on the foundation, but on the so-called lower strapping. From the top ends of the posts are also connected with each other by the bars along the perimeter. The resulting design is called the top bandage.

Sheathing and filling

That's roughly how the frame of such buildings as monolithic houses is erected. What is it - we have found out. Next, we will deal with the fact that they finish such constructions. Most often, asbestos cement sheets are used for outside plating , plywood or plasterboard inside. Pouring is performed with foam concrete, aerated concrete or foam styrene concrete. These materials are distinguished simply by their remarkable performance characteristics. Houses with their use turn out to be warm, durable and durable. Through such walls there is a natural air exchange, which contributes to the creation of an excellent microclimate in the apartments.

In the cement-concrete mixture intended for pouring monolithic structures of apartment houses, among other things, special additives are added, increasing the rate of solidification of the mixture, as well as increasing the waterproofing properties of the finished walls.

Roofing of monolithic houses

On buildings, poured from concrete, is usually put on a mansard hip roof. Its rafter system is a continuation of the framework of the walls. For roofing, modern roofing materials are used.

Advantages of monolith buildings

The technique of building buildings by pouring concrete began to be used in our country not so long ago - in the 90s of the last century. However, many Russian citizens have already received an answer to the question: "Monolithic houses - what is this?" Reviews about these buildings are mostly positive. For the most part, these are comfortable and inexpensive buildings, characterized by a mass of undeniable advantages. In addition to a good microclimate in the apartments, their advantages include non-standard, comfortable layout and durability. Some varieties of houses built on this technology can stand up to 300 years. Good noise and sound insulation is another undoubted plus. The ceilings and walls of apartments of monolithic houses are distinguished by an ideal evenness and lack of seams.

Another undeniable advantage of buildings of this type is the simplicity and speed of erection. Since the construction of such structures does not use massive elements, there is no need to attract heavy equipment. Foam concrete in the walls are poured using special light installations, the design of which can be very different.

Facing monolithic houses also varies. Most often these buildings are bricked. Sometimes siding or boarding is used for this purpose.

Disadvantages of monolithic houses

There are practically no drawbacks of modern buildings of this type. Indirectly to the disadvantages can be attributed only to the fact that in our time such houses are often erected without internal partitions in general. Therefore, the owners of apartments have to build their own, spending extra funds. However, this disadvantage is insignificant. Indeed, in this situation, you can put partitions in those places where it will be most convenient. Very interesting option are also studio apartments, in which there are no such delimiting constructions at all.

Private housing construction

The construction of apartment houses from monolithic concrete is practiced not only by construction organizations, but also by private individuals. If it is a question of a cottage, a team of specialists is usually invited. In this case, the building is built about the same technology as in the construction of high-rise buildings.

Small structures are usually poured independently. In this case, the walls in a monolithic house of a small area are built from an ordinary concrete mix consisting of sand and cement, since it is impossible to prepare foam concrete or aerated concrete in the absence of special installations. The latter are quite expensive. Walls of low concrete buildings in the formwork are poured in layers - approximately 40 cm. Both stationary and mobile structures can be used. The formwork is knocked out of planks 2.5 cm thick.

As is known, ordinary concrete has a fairly high degree of thermal conductivity. If you just build a house out of this material, it will turn out to be cold. Therefore, when building walls in concrete pour plastic bottles, milk bags, old newspapers, etc.

As you can see, monolithic concrete houses are characterized by quite good performance characteristics. Therefore, to buy an apartment in such a building, of course, is worth it. And living in a building filled with concrete, most likely, will be quite convenient.