Mesial bite (mandibular prognathia)

Orthodontic bite - this is the bite of teeth when they are fully closed or the relationship of the upper and lower dentitions with maximum contact. There are different types of bites - right and wrong, temporary and permanent, physiological, as well as abnormal and pathological. The cause of the anomaly may be trauma or hereditary predisposition, and only the orthodontist or dentist can identify possible deviations. Correct bite is of great importance, it affects human health, both physical and mental.

Among all types of malocclusion, a mesial occlusion is distinguished (the so-called "bulldog grin"). The mandibular prognathia (prognosis) is characterized by an incorrect arrangement of the lower and upper jaws, namely, the lower jaw extends forward, the lower incisors are located in front of the upper teeth. With this form of tooth anomaly the profile of a person is characterized by a heavy, forward chin, chewing is difficult and even painful.

How is the mesial bite formed?

In most cases, this pathology is genetic or hereditary (not acquired), due to incorrect development of the upper and lower jaw. In addition, mandibular prognosis can be formed during ontogeny in childhood. Causes of formation can serve as various factors:

• rickets and broken bone growth;
• Premature change of milk teeth or their late replacement by indigenous teeth;
• a shortened bridle of the tongue;
• Bad habits of the child (regular and prolonged sucking of the finger, nipple, pacifiers and other objects).

Mesial bite: treatment

Treatment of this anomaly is a complex and lengthy process. The success of treatment largely depends on the level of complexity of the pathology and the time of contact with a doctor. In order to correct the bite, it will take approximately 3-4 years. The earlier to begin the treatment process, the better, because the consequences will be minimal, and the result of treatment will be more effective. Dentists recommend that the treatment be performed before the age of 16, namely, in childhood at the time of the bite change, when it is possible to influence the growth of the jaw bones. Methods of treatment depend on the age of the patient, on his capabilities.

Methods of treatment:

• Surgical intervention - reduction of the lower jaw (plastic of the lower part of the face) through maxillofacial surgery. In many cases, they do without an operation and apply it in extremely severe forms of violations.
• Use of special orthodontic structures, such as braces, kappa.
• If, for some contraindications, surgical intervention is not possible, some of the teeth of the lower jaw are removed to reduce its size.

Effects

An incorrect bite, if not corrected at the time, leads to many serious consequences, and first of all, it affects the health. One of the most serious and most frequent complications is abrasion of the teeth of the upper row, as all chewing load passes to them, during chewing the tooth enamel is severely damaged, as a result of which their sensitivity increases and the patient experiences painful sensations. Other consequences of mesial occlusion are: diseases of the temporomandibular joint, periodontitis, which in turn leads to violations from the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, the mesial bite gives its owner a lot of anxiety about the appearance, often people with this anomaly experience psychological discomfort, moral distress and other disorders that prevent living a normal and full life.

Prevention

In any therapy, the main role belongs to prevention, because the disease is easier to prevent than to treat later. Parents should monitor their child's health and the condition of his teeth, wean from bad habits and try to teach his child how to properly care for their teeth. It is known that embryogenesis is an important stage of development. During this period, the baby is still in the womb, the vital organs are being folded, the jawbones are formed, the teeth are fixed, so future mothers should monitor their health during pregnancy so that their children in the future have no health problems.