Gaimorovy sinuses: location. Inflammation of the maxillary sinuses

As you know, the nose performs a number of important functions in the life of the human body: respiratory and olfactory, tear and protective. The beginning of the airway is given by the paranasal sinuses, similar to caves filled with air, and connected to the nasal cavity. The accessory or maxillary sinuses are called maxillary sinuses. The person has two: left and right. When they are inflamed, a diagnosis is made - sinusitis.

Gaimorov's sinus, its location

The maxillary, or maxillary sinuses, is also called the airway cavity. It lies in the thickness of the cranial bones from the right and left side of the nose. Inside each sinus there is a mucous membrane with vascular plexuses located in it, nerve endings and mucous glands. They open up into the nasal cavity with a special hole, called suicide. The maxillary sinuses, the arrangement of which is bilateral, is not the only one in the near-nasal space. Besides them, there are others:

• Two frontal, thick in the bones of the forehead, above the eye sockets.
• Two latticed sinuses are in the nasal passage from above and serve to separate the nasal cavity from the brain.
• One wedge shaped, located at the base of the skull in the thickness of the sphenoid bone.

The communication of the paranasal sinuses with the nasal cavity occurs along small tubules and orifices. Purification and ventilation also take place through them. If these holes are closed, microbes accumulate in the sinus, and the inflammatory process begins - sinusitis (sinusitis).

Symptoms of the disease

• Purulent discharge from the nose, having a fetid odor.
• Headaches worse by evening.
• Nasal congestion, which makes breathing very difficult.
• Unpleasant odor from the mouth.
• Increased fatigue, weakness, insomnia.
• Loss of appetite.
• Swelling of the face.
• Raise body temperature.

Sinusitis can occur after a certain time after a viral illness. Often the caries of the molars are the cause of inflammation, in which the maxillary sinus is very sore.

Sinusitis: causes

Inflammation of the maxillary sinus bacteria, viruses, fungal infections and allergic reactions of the body to food, medicine, plants, animals, etc. When the anastomoses swell, the process of mucus outflow to the nasal cavity is disrupted, and the pathogens of the disease begin to multiply. This leads to the development of the inflammatory process, which covers the maxillary sinuses. Their location is bilateral, so inflammation can be in one or both sinuses: right or left. If a person feels anxiety on the left side of the nose, then this may indicate that the left maxillary sinus is inflamed, and vice versa. The causes of sinusitis can be:

• Subcooling the body.
• Addiction to bad habits.
• Decreased immunity.
• Peculiarity of the structure of the nose: the nasal septum may be curved.
• Passion for water sports (for example, scuba diving).
• Chronic infection in the body in the form of caries, tonsillitis or rhinitis.
• Allergy.
• This disease can develop if incorrectly or untimely treated ARI or cold.

Sinusitis is seasonal in nature and characterized by two peaks of incidence. The first of these falls on the period from February to March, the second one lasts from August to September.

What is the X-ray?

The darkening of the maxillary sinuses is a symptom that is detected during the X-ray. The doctor-radiologist can assume a genyantritis if he sees in the picture in the subordinate formations a shadow. Radiography is used to detect swelling and the presence or absence of accumulated pus in the sinuses.

During the x-ray examination at a genyantritis the doctor sees on a picture a blackout of maxillary sinuses in the top horizontal level. If the disease is at an early stage of development, the radiograph can show a slight accumulation of fluid.

Forms of genyantritis

The following forms of this disease are distinguished:

• Acute sinusitis - characterized by fever, nasal congestion, a sensation of pain under the eyes. With this form of sinusitis, green mucous discharge from the nose is observed.

• Chronic sinusitis - characterized by a cough that does not pass, what would not have been treated. It intensifies, usually at night. This form of sinusitis is also accompanied by nasal congestion, recurring rhinitis, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye.

Species of acute sinusitis

Acute sinusitis can be of two main types:

• Purulent - is characterized by accumulation of pus in the nasal sinuses and their subsequent excretion to the outside.
• Catarrhal - in case of this type of sinusitis, the mucous membrane of the nasal sinus becomes inflamed, and in it gray liquid contents form which also flows outward.

The inflammatory process can seize the maxillary sinuses. The location of foci of inflammation on both sides of the nose is called a bilateral acute sinusitis. Inflammation on the right side is called acute right-sided sinusitis.

Left sided sinusitis

The cause of this disease may be untreated catarrhal diseases, influenza, ARI, etc. The left maxillary sinus may be inflamed if a person is constantly blowing the wind from the left side or the conditioner. The cause of such an ailment is also a dental disease in the upper left part of the mouth. The causative agent of the disease may be Staphylococcus aureus. If the human body is exhausted, overcooled and weakened by viral infections, staphylococcus it affects. To the golden staphylococcus can join other harmful microorganisms. If they unite in one place, then the effect on the body of the main pathogen will intensify. This is very dangerous not only for health, but for life in general.

Gaimorova sinus, thickening

Thickening of the maxillary sinuses can occur for various reasons. Until now, they are not exactly fixed. Doctors suppose that the maxillary sinuses can increase in thickness due to the transferred infectious and cold diseases, allergies, hypothermia of the body and many other factors. Doctors prescribe treatment taking into account antiallergic drugs, such as "Cetrin", and vasoconstrictive - "Ascorutin". To remove the purulent liquid from the nasal cavity, a rinse is done. The nose must be buried. You can use drops: "Vibrocil", "Nazonex", "Aldetsin" and others. They bring relief of inhalation and warming up in cases when pus drifts from the sinus.

Washing of maxillary sinuses

During the cold, mucus forms. It goes out through the maxillary and frontal sinuses, but not all. Part of it remains and turns into hard crusts, which eventually fill the sinuses. A dense mass forms on which microbes multiply. The result of the process of their vital activity is purulent mass, which fill the maxillary sinuses of the nose.

A person begins to get a headache, he loses sight and smell, hears and hears badly. All the ailments, as a rule, people refer to other diseases. Very often, after coming to the doctor, the patient does not even know where the maxillary sinuses are located, and what they are. If after the examination the presence of the disease is confirmed, then it will be necessary to purify the maxillary and frontal sinuses from the compressed jelly-pus. For this you need to go through the following steps:

• Soothing steam or water baths for warming up the head. The procedure should not take more than five minutes. After it, the head is rinsed with cold water. It is necessary to make 3-5 procedures. Pus from the solid state turns into a liquid.
• The next step is to remove the pus. To do this, rinse the maxillary sinuses with a liquid. Use sea water, saline solution or own warm urine. Washing is done as follows: a small polyethylene tubule 3-4 cm long is put on a syringe without a needle. Then it is gently inserted into the nasal aperture. The head should be tilted over the sink. Piston syringe water under pressure enters the nasal passage and the maxillary sinus. There is a liquefaction of pus and its excretion into the nasal cavity. Remember that pressing the plunger of the syringe can cause water to enter the ear canal. And this, in turn, can cause otitis. So, in the described way the maxillary sinuses of the nose are washed alternately several times. Such procedures are conducted daily for three days in the mornings and evenings. It is better to use sterile solutions for washing the nose: "Akvalor", "Aquamaris", "Marimer", "Humer" and others with special autonomic nozzles.

Ginorrheal sinuses: treatment with heating

To remove purulent fluid, the maxillary sinuses are rinsed. Inflammation, the treatment of which should be continued by heating, will quickly pass. But, you can warm up in the event that pus began to leave without problems. If this did not happen, then it's impossible to warm the inflamed places! First, the sinuses are rubbed with an asterisk. To enhance the action of the balm they heat up, for which use a blue lamp, a bag of salt or flax seed. Regular cleansing and frequent warming not only improve the patient's condition, but also completely heal purulent acute sinusitis.

Sinusitis: treatment by instillation in the nose

A characteristic feature of this disease is nasal congestion. To eliminate it and to facilitate breathing, use drops of menthol oil or tea tree oil.

It is enough 3-5 drops in each nasal aperture. You can oil the nose, forehead and whiskey. When necessary, when the nose is heavily laid, for simplification use drops: "Nazivin", "Tanos".

Treatment of sinusitis with inhalations

• Half a teaspoon of tincture of propolis pour in a small amount of boiled water (two or three liters). Then you should put it in front of you, undress to the waist, cover yourself with a warm blanket or towel, bend over the pan and breathe. This procedure is best done every night for seven days.
• Boil the potatoes in a uniform, drain the water and breathe over the steam, closing the blanket. Before the procedure you need to warm up well in the bathroom. Do this in the evenings for two weeks.

Treatment with tampons

Very often, tampons of cotton wool are used to treat maxillary sinuses. Location: Them on both sides of the nose involves the use of a tampon specifically for the sinus in which the inflammatory process is taking place. This is done in the following way: thin tubes are curled from sterile cotton wool and impregnated with a solution of one teaspoon of propolis and three teaspoons of vegetable oil. To wet the tampon, a 1% solution of Glazolin or Naftisin, a 2% solution of Efidrin, can be used. Tampons are placed in the nose twice a day for 5 minutes. The procedure removes edema and has a disinfectant effect. In the treatment of sinusitis, you need to drink a lot of liquid: tea, compote, mors, mineral water without gas. This is due to the fact that during the illness a person loses a large amount of liquid, and with it - and salt. Such losses in the required order should be filled.

How still treat sinusitis?

• This disease is characterized by an inflammatory process that provokes swelling of the maxillary sinuses. It clogs the ducts from the nasal cavity in the sinus, where a pus accumulation is formed. To begin with, it is necessary to normalize the process of its outflow. This is done by vasoconstrictive sprays and drops: "Otiline", "Nazivin", "Pranosom." These drugs quickly remove the swelling of the maxillary sinuses. But, more than five days of their use is not recommended, since there may come atrophy of the nasal mucosa.

• After the outflow of purulent fluid from the nose is normalized, the treatment is carried out with antibiotics: "Augmentin", "Azithromycin", "Cephalosporin". If a person is allergic to the penicillin series, he is prescribed "Macrolides" or "Tetracycline".
• In the arsenal of modern medicine there is a large number of antibiotics for the treatment of sinusitis without side effects. If this disease has arisen because of deformation of the septum of the nose or tooth caries, it is necessary to cure primary diseases.
• In case of acute need, the sinus is pierced, and an antibiotic solution is injected into its cavity, which liquefies the pus and removes it from the sinus.
• When conservative treatment does not give positive results, surgical treatment is used.

Sinusitis in children

To distinguish sinusitis in a child from an ordinary cold, you need to pay attention to individual moments. When the maxillary sinuses become inflamed, the children have a stuffy nose alternating between the right and the left. Whereas during the usual runny nose, both nostrils are always laid.

With inflammation of the maxillary sinuses, the child feels dull pain, it does not leave a sense of heaviness in the sinus. He is constantly blowing his nose, but this brings relief only for a short time. If you gently press the point in the center of the cheek and from the inner corner of the eye, the child immediately complains of pain.

When the cold lasts for more than a week, and after 5-7 days the temperature suddenly appears, this should alert the parents and make them show their child to the doctor. If this is not done on time, the maxillary sinuses may be damaged. Inflammation, the treatment of which should be started immediately, can lead to headache, malaise, weakness.

During swallowing, painful sensations in the throat, dryness may appear. Body temperature may remain normal or rise to 37.9 degrees. The most pronounced symptom of the disease is a persistent cough at night, which does not respond to any treatment. A timely examination, an accurate diagnosis and properly prescribed by the doctor therapy will relieve the child of sinusitis.