Devices and types of CCTV cameras

The popularity of security systems is steadily growing, as evidenced by the desire of security equipment manufacturers to diversify and improve their proposals. For several decades the interest in video surveillance systems has not weakened. Today, they are used not only in critical commercial and public facilities, but also as an element of security infrastructure for private needs. Understanding what types and devices of CCTV cameras are offered in the current market will make it possible to make the right choice, thereby providing reliable protection. The models of devices differ in many characteristics, among which are the quality of the "picture", and the installation possibilities, and the operating modes.

Analog and Digital Models

One of the primary factors of classification is the principle of data processing. Most modern devices operate on a digital basis, but analog models remain in demand. In practice, the use of these varieties shows many differences. First of all, it is worth considering digital video surveillance cameras. The types and characteristics in this group are quite diverse - for example, it includes both high-resolution flush-mounted models and street modifications that allow real-time monitoring and a large area. In terms of characteristics, devices can differ in the way they compress data, the length of the recording, and the approach to storing the materials. Analog models are much simpler, but less functional. Such devices are purchased to ensure observation of a small area. Actually, the main advantage of such an acquisition is a low price, since in other parameters digital cameras still benefit.

Street and home cameras

Often the place of installation of equipment plays a key role in the choice of a specific model. To date, the types of cameras for the home surveillance system are room, wireless, modular and other systems. All of them are combined in small dimensions and lack of special protection from external influences. Also, room devices are usually characterized by low photosensitivity, can be equipped with sensors Wi-Fi and microphones.

If you want to add a security complex outside the premises, then select outdoor CCTV cameras. Types of street, in turn, are distinguished by the presence of a protective housing, which protects the device from frost, water, sunlight and mechanical influences. These can be rotary models, domed versions, as well as modifications for flush mounting. Depending on the operating conditions, a camera with enhanced protection may also be required - for this purpose manufacturers propose hardware in a case with an anti-vandal sheath.

Models for hidden surveillance

Until recently, the need for hidden video surveillance was replenished by the "pin-hall" model. Such devices have a lens that is specially designed for an inconspicuous installation. But to date, such models are limited in distribution because of prohibitions. Their function was to perform miniature CCTV cameras. What types of hidden from this category are more suitable for a particular task - should be decided based on the location and conditions of installation. Of fundamental importance is the body, which can be conical, cylindrical or square. A feature of such video cameras is a mini-lens, whose diameter does not exceed 1 mm. Most often, these devices are used indoors, so they can be attributed to home or room cameras. The device due to its small size can be integrated into the finish coat, interior detail or ceiling niche - in any case, it will be very difficult to notice the lens.

Enclosure and modular chambers

Most camcorders still do not assume a hidden installation, so their size allows you to use strong and reliable enclosures. Thus, the following variants of the framework are distinguished: dome, finger, standard rectangular and other versions. The above types of CCTV cameras are used mainly on the street, since there is no need to use strong protective enclosures in the room. Despite the classic appearance, the functionality of such equipment is not inferior to alternative solutions. The same applies to modular cameras, which are supplied without a frame shell. That is, such devices can be installed almost anywhere, without thinking about the storage of free space. As a rule, these are small "eyes", which are enough to integrate into the prepared niche and connect to the wiring. In part, modular devices are similar to mini-cameras for flush mounting, but among them there are also larger models for outdoor use.

Rotary and Robotic Models

In this case, we are talking about a wide group of controlled video cameras, also called zoomers. In addition to the lens itself and the case, such models are provided with a thought-out mechanical basis for fastening, which provides the possibility of movement. Actually, the user can control either one lens by turning it, or by the whole body of the device. Controlled types of CCTV cameras suggest the possibility of automatic movement. These are robotic devices that change the viewing angle depending on the settings of the specified program. For example, the user can set the camera to work with a full view of the territory for a specified time and at certain intervals. Further, the person's participation will not be required, since the equipment will monitor with movement in automatic mode.

Separation by color

All varieties of video cameras can differ in color saturation. There is a fundamental division into models that provide a black and white image, and color. It would seem that in such a responsible business it is important to use the maximum advantages of video recording, that is, with the broadcast "in color". But black-and-white types of CCTV cameras have advantages. In particular, they provide a higher detail of the image, have a high light sensitivity and effectively work under insufficient illumination, if they are supplemented with infrared illumination. But these advantages do not at all abolish the advantages of color cameras. They, in turn, broadcast a more informative video image, allowing you to recognize the shades. With such a device, for example, you can determine the color of the car, clothes or find out another important nuance in the recorded material.

Wireless Cameras

The requirements for installation and the conditions for its implementation often limit the choice of cameras. In such situations it is advisable to evaluate the possibility of using wireless devices. These are models that work without wires, broadcasting a signal using 3G and Wi-Fi technologies. For example, there may be some types of hidden CCTV cameras, as well as street devices for which it is not possible to supply coaxial cable. Also, a new stage in the development of wireless devices was the emergence of IP-technologies that allow the transfer of materials over the Internet. Nevertheless, there is no talk of completely eliminating the wires, since most devices need network power. An exception can be called autonomous models, which are supplied with the help of batteries, but such solutions are not practical, since they require regular replacement or charge of the power supply.

Price issue

The price range is wide and is determined by a variety of characteristics. For example, miniature devices of modular type can cost about 1-2 thousand rubles. Street systems in a wide range and with high-quality high-strength hull can be sold for 4-5 thousand rubles. Also, consider the type of signal that CCTV cameras support. Types and prices in this segment are closely interrelated - for example, an analog room model of a little-known manufacturer can cost no more than 1 thousand. And digital devices for a home installation are sold for 2-3 thousand rubles. Much depends on the additional options. So, the presence of infrared illumination, filters and reinforced casings can add to the price of several thousand more.

Conclusion

In most cases, the camera is only an element of a common set of security systems. Modern types of CCTV cameras, based on their design and principles of data transmission, are initially oriented towards integration in a particular system. For example, in the protection of an apartment, cameras with motion sensors became popular . And to protect large areas can be used several street cameras, combined in one system and connected to the central control room. Make their own adjustments and the latest technology. For example, the emerging developments in the form of wireless cameras are due to the existing requirements for signaling.