Development of speech of children of preschool age with the help of small folklore forms

Modern children are increasingly diagnosed with delays in speech development , pronunciation disorders or complete absence of speaking with the normal development of the speech apparatus. Apparently, the forms of communication between children and parents have changed, the amount of personal communication has decreased, the possibility of obtaining information through technical means has increased: the TV, computer, radio. At the same time, the kids do not see the sample of sound formation and the technique of its pronunciation, so more time is spent to develop the ability to speak than before.

In order to develop the speech of children of preschool age in accordance with the norm, it should be already during the period of bearing the child, to read aloud rhythmic household rhymes and sing lullabies. Clinical psychologists have proved that the child begins to perceive sounds from four months of intrauterine development, and mother singing develops his hearing, calms, creates a situation of "dialogue", but so far without words from the child. The baby can respond by movement or, conversely, by calming down on the mother's voice. In addition, a passive vocabulary is being laid, which in the future will be in demand and will activate the development of speech of children of preschool age when their speech apparatus is ready for speaking. Let us consider this in more detail.

The development of the speech of preschool children is a continuous process, therefore, after the birth, parents can accompany their child's interaction with verdicts about washing, combing, walking and walking, in addition to everyday communication. They are pronounced clearly. Mom leans over the baby so that he sees her face, lips, tongue at speaking. You can see how the baby still without sounds trying to copy the mother's movements with her lips. This is how the speech is trained, the muscles of the speech apparatus strengthened.

The development of speech of children of preschool age begins with the first verbal games in which movement is combined with a word. Playing "ladushki", "magpie-white-fox" or "finger-boy" helps to memorize the meaning of the word, and frequent reproduction of the poetic text helps the child to repeat it again and again in a larger volume. The stimulus for pronunciation is the positive emotions of the child, which he experiences during the game.

The development of speech of children of preschool age, as well as its improvement can be traced by the number of words pronounced by the child, as well as by his ability to construct phrases, sentences, and ask meaningful questions. If by the year the child uses only 8-10 of the simplest words in speech, then by the age of one and a half years the word stock increases to 40, and the kid starts to ask, pointing to the subject: "What is this?". In three years, vocabulary increases dramatically and reaches a thousand words, which the child does not yet pronounce everything correctly, and the sounds are often skipped or distorted. By the age of five, the preschooler, as a rule, clearly pronounces all the sounds of his native language, constructs complex sentences, his speech is similar to a short story, and the vocabulary reaches 2,500 words that the child can use in different cases, with pretexts.

The development of speech in the kindergarten occurs not only in the classes organized by the teacher, but in the free communication of the toddlers, when they organize the plot games, they play theatrical performances. For the basis of games and dramatizations, first of all, folklore works are selected: nursery rhymes with a short story, pestles, familiar from early childhood, when parents played with fingers and toes of the kid, as well as simple fairy stories: Kolobok, Teremok, Ryaba "and others.

Small folklore forms are simple, rhythmical and understandable for children. Matched according to age, they serve as a means for perception and training of speech. They can be used in a wide range by parents and caregivers at any time: in class, when preparing for sleep, when doing household activities.