Compactors for compaction of soils: types and reviews

There are many ways to compact the soil, make it suitable for starting construction work. This can be done by using the looped motion of heavy machinery, such as dump trucks, trucks. With bulldozers, the soil is leveled, the dump trucks are compacted. However, the most effective means for this are machines specially created for this purpose. These, of course, rollers for compaction of soils. But which rollers are better suited for this or that task? What are they and which of them do their job better? Let's try to figure this out.

Compacting the soil with rollers

During the construction work, especially during the preparation of the site for asphalt paving, it is often necessary to solve the problem of excessive looseness of the soil. The necessary equipment for this can be purchased, rented or ordered for compacting the soil with rollers. The price of such construction services depends on various factors. Among them, the area of the soil that needs to be compacted, the number of machines necessary to carry out this work, the difference in the heights of the ground, which should be leveled. For example, it is more difficult to directly compact the soil of the embankment with a roller than to level it with bulldozers, and only then to compact it. There are several types of apparatus, but the principle of action is the same for all. By the way, you can rent them at a price of 1,300 rubles per hour.

Device

The main operating part of any roller is the roll. This is a heavy cylinder that performs the function of the sealing shaft and the front wheels of the machine at the same time. As the skating rink moves, it compacts and thickens its soil with its mass and moves the soil along which it moves. Soil compactors are equipped with these two parts. One of them, as mentioned above, serves as a sealing element, the second, located behind, is called the "driven" roller. It is needed in order to guide the car in one direction or another. The front shaft on the old models of rollers is equipped with a mechanical drive. Modern machines use a hydraulic drive. This is due to the design of modern mechanisms. They are almost all vibrational. The vibrator of these mechanisms includes a hydraulic drive. And since a similar system is used in the steering system, the use of a hydraulic drive to operate the front shaft is the optimal solution.

Varieties

Rollers for compacting soils can be divided into static and vibrating. The first compact the soil only with its own weight. The device of the second type includes a vibrating device.

But this is only a classification of the type of impact on the ground. In fact, there are many more varieties. The rollers are distinguished by the type of rollers. So, they can be cam or pneumatic, combined and latticed. Any type of soil is possible for pneumatic skating rinks . Cams are used mainly for compaction of pliable types of soil. It can be clay, even with an admixture of gravel. Sand and wet soil is not an appropriate field for cam-type rollers.

Vibration

The construction of the vibrating roller is distinguished by the presence of a device generating a strong vibration. The principle of the vibrator is simple: a heavy shaft rotates around the knocked down center of gravity, resulting in high-frequency oscillations that can compact the ground.

The frequency with which the working roll is capable of vibrating varies from 24 to 48 Hz. 1 Hz is equal to one oscillation per second. Also, the amplitude of vibration of the drum plays an important role in compacting the soil. This indicator of the vibrating system of the roller can be adjusted by the operator. The most commonly used modes are of two types: amplitude from 0.6 mm to 1 mm and amplitude from 1.35 mm to 2.2 mm.

Control systems of modern vibrating rollers allow you to adjust both parameters: the amplitude and frequency of the roll oscillation. This feature allows you to adapt the machine to work with a certain soil, adjust it to the characteristics of its density, viscosity, flowability, and so on.

Soil compacting by vibrating rollers can be carried out using different tactics. An effective strategy is to compact the soil in several passes. First with the maximum amplitude and the lowest frequency of the roll oscillation, and then with a gradual increase in the vibration frequency. Thus, first deep layers of soil are compacted, and then the upper layers are compacted.

It is possible to consider its relative ease as a plus of a design. Such an ice rink copes with the task at a much smaller weight than its static prototype. Minus as a work performed. The static mechanism leaves a more even soil than the vibratory one, after which light waves on the surface of the ground are noticeable.

Static

Compactors for compacting static soils are used less and less, they are replaced by new vibrating sealing devices that consume fuel more economically. But static for a long time will not come out of the arsenal of construction companies. The reason for such survivability of these machines is that they can be used wherever vibration of any type is highly undesirable. For example, when laying asphalt on a bridge or trestle, only such rollers are used, as this corresponds to safety requirements.

Also, the mechanisms of this type leave behind a more even soil. Therefore, they are used in those cases where an ideal surface is important.

Of the obvious disadvantages is worth mentioning also the high fuel consumption. The weight of the roller is quite large, besides, more passes are needed to achieve a qualitative result.

Latticed

Latticed rollers are called, the surface of the working shaft of which has a lattice structure. This type of sealing machine is used in cases of work on complex soils. The corrugated surface of the roller crushes large blocks of soil, and the shaft compacts them with its weight. This can be useful if the soil is a pile of frozen ground or clay with sandstone impurities. In other respects the design of the screen rollers does not differ from the others.

Pneumowires

They differ from others in that they do not have rollers. Instead, the front and rear of the cars are equipped with rows of wheels with pneumatic tires. The wheels, located almost closely to each other, still have small gaps between each other. In order not to affect the quality of the work done by the machine, the rear row of wheels is installed in such a way that their trajectory does not coincide with the tracks of the front wheels, but overlaps their overlap.

Reviews about the mechanisms of different types

Rollers of all the above types are an indispensable tool on any construction site. Not surprisingly, they managed to collect a large number of reviews of the builders. Among them there are both positive and negative. Negative reviews most often arise from the use of the machine where its use is unacceptable. Often scolded old equipment, such as static rollers, for the unreliable operation of the vibrator. It should be understood that such machines are advisable to use only in some situations, and they do not have a worthy replacement.

Hand mechanism

All of the above devices are indispensable for large construction sites, when laying asphalt pavement and other industrial scale measures. But what if you need an inexpensive maneuvering device for dacha or homestead farming that does not require changing oil, fuel, battery charge and any other maintenance?

In such cases, a hand roller is used to compact the soil. This tool is a heavy shaft with a comfortable handle, for which a person can roll it in the right direction. A similar device is used for rolling down a dug up ground, tamping the buta under the foundation, compacting the soil for a future lawn and many other works of this level.

How to make a manual compactor for soil compacting with your own hands

In the construction shops you can buy ready-made models, but you can easily make a compactor for compacting the soil with your own hands. The main part of such a tool is a heavy shaft. The main thing is to think out what to make this part of the design, and the handle can be built from any pipe, bending it at the right angle and attaching comfortable handles to it, for example, removed from the bicycle handlebars. The easiest way to make a heavy shaft is to use a large metal container filled with sand or other heavy material. To work with a hand roller is not turned into torture, its weight should not exceed 120 kg. The optimum width is 1 meter.

The hand roller for compacting the soil can also be made from an asbestos or ceramic pipe of suitable diameter. A metal tube is inserted into the center of such a pipe. The main thing is to insert it perfectly smoothly, otherwise nothing will turn out. The space between the inner walls of the asbestos tube and the outer walls of the metal tube is poured with cement mortar. When the concrete solidifies, the axis of the handle can be inserted into the metal pipe.