Collection order. Collecting operations. Is it difficult?

Collection order, collection operations ... At first glance it is difficult and incomprehensible. Let's try to understand these and other terms together. First, you need to clearly understand who is involved in these operations, who produces them and why.

Now let's talk about everything in order.

On the one hand, an enterprise (or organization) that sells certain goods (services), i.e. Is an exporter (creditor) and a bank through which all settlement transactions are made. He, accordingly, is an exporting bank.

On the other hand - the buyer of these goods or services, i.e. Importer (debtor, payer) and the importer's bank.

In order to receive payment from the debtor, the exporter submits to his bank a collection order to receive from the debtor himself (or through another bank) the amount of money stipulated earlier or confirmation of payment within a certain period (acceptance).

The bank that received the collection order from the client must present it to the debtor's bank. The collection order is provided within 10 calendar days from the date of its compilation.

Collecting operations

Now let's take a closer look in the order of the collection operation:

• The exporter and importer sign a contract, in which, along with other conditions, they agree on the banks through which they will settle;
• In accordance with this agreement, the exporter carries out the shipment of the goods;
• The carrier shall provide the exporter with relevant accompanying documents;
• The exporter collects a package of documents that corresponds to the terms of collection, and together with the collection order presents it to his bank;
• The bank after checking the documents together with the order sends them to the importer's bank;
• Having received all these documents, the importer's bank transfers them to the potential payer in order to collect the payment from him or receive a confirmation of acceptance, i. Performs the actions specified in the collection order;
• The bank of the importer transfers the received funds to the exporter's bank;
• After their receipt, the exporter's bank deposits funds to his account.

This form of calculation is beneficial to all parties. Exporter - because until the moment of payment or receipt of an acceptance, its right to the goods is reliably protected by the bank.

Importer - because on the basis of a package of accompanying documents, he has full confidence that he pays for the goods already delivered.

And the bank, in turn, receives the commission for completing the collection.

But in the collection form of calculations there are some disadvantages. From the moment of shipment (delivery) to receipt of payment, it can take quite a long time, which negatively affects the turnover of the exporter's funds. He also does not have full confidence in the reliability of payment. Importer during the period of document circulation may be insolvent or refuse to pay at all.

Such unpleasant moments help to avoid telegraphic collection or collection with a previously received bank guarantee.

Execution of payment order

The payment order is issued by the importer - this is an order for a bank transfer, in which the payer instructs his bank to transfer from his account to the beneficiary's account a certain amount for the goods (services) received. It is compiled on a standard letterhead of the established sample (file No. 0401060).

The responsible person completes the payment order , the head has the right to sign it. The signature is stamped with the stamp of the payer.

The payment order is issued in four copies. Based on the first copy, the funds are debited from the payer's account.

The second copy is for the bank (receiver). If both accounts are in the same bank, then it acts as a memorial warrant when crediting funds to the corresponding account.

The third copy is intended for the payee. The last, fourth copy is signed by a bank specialist, attests with an impression of the seal, which certifies receipt of the payment order to the bank, and returns it to the client.

The bank is obliged to accept the payment order from the client, regardless of the availability of money on his account.