Bituminous shingles: advantages and reviews. Installation, laying of shingles

In the construction market of roofing materials, flexible bituminous shingles are very popular. This is due to its unique performance characteristics. Among the well-known manufacturers distinguish the firm "Tegola", "Siplast" and "Shinglas". Bitumen tiles are used in almost all climatic conditions.

Instruments

For roofing works using bituminous tiles you will need:

• pencil;
• Marking cord;
• roulette;
• Scissors for metal;
• Screwdriver;
• Self-tapping screws;
• putty knife;
• a hammer;
• Nails;
• Sealant.

Shingles: material prices

The costs that will have to be incurred on the roof of the roof depend on its area, the quality of the material and the cost of the services of the builders, if they are required. In the general case, taking into account the backing layer, components and construction waste, the average cost varies in the range of 400-1000 rubles / m ² .

Advantages and disadvantages

The material has a number of qualities that favorably distinguish it in the construction market of roofing materials, namely:

• Resistance to corrosion;
• Minimum amount of waste during installation;
• Good sound and heat insulation qualities;
• Water resistance;
• Resistance to temperature changes;
• Low weight;
• strength;

And this is not a complete list of the advantages that bitumen shingles possess. Prices for this type of roofing material are relatively low. In many respects, this is due to the constantly high demand for it.

Minuses:

• The instability to UV radiation;
• Susceptibility to the formation of mold, fungus;
• Low water and vapor permeability;
• Relative fire safety (melts, but does not burn).

Frame

Tiles are laid on a pre-prepared basis. This should be a solid, continuous coating of moisture-proof plywood or OSB-boards. Culped or edged boards are also suitable. You can walk around the plywood with a grinding wheel.

Sheets or boards are laid parallel to the ridge and join the rafter board. In doing so, ensure that on one board did not get a few joints of the sheets of the border of neighboring rows.

Preparatory work

After finishing the preparation of the foundation, a special lining carpet with a sandy side up is placed on it. It can be purchased at the place of purchase of shingles. It simultaneously performs two functions: it smooths the surface and gives it waterproofing properties. In addition, bitumen shingles with a backing layer gets better adhesion to the surface. He nailed with a step of 20 cm.

Slopes with an angle of inclination of up to 30 degrees are completely covered with tar in several layers. In the second case, only overlap with a margin of 150 and 80 mm vertically and horizontally, respectively. The design of the ridge is carried out with the help of a special skate-cornice tile. It is divided into three parts by perforation and alternately nailed with two nails at the junction of the skates. Before the procedure, remove the protective film from the material.

Installation of shingles: rules and features

When calculating the required amount of material, it is important to take into account certain nuances. For example, it is designed for roofing coverings, the angle of inclination of which is in the range of 15-85 degrees. The instruction specifies an angle of 45 degrees. Deviation from this indicator leads to an increase or decrease in the amount of consumable tiles. For example, the smaller the angle of the roof, the more material is required.

Achieve a quality result can only be provided that the basic rules are met:

• The material is stored in closed packages in the room;
• The underlay carpet is kept in an upright position;
• Manufacturers recommend the installation of bitumen shingles at a temperature of at least 5 degrees;
• Before laying the material in the cold season, it is preliminarily placed in a heated room (at least 24 hours).

Soft tiles are laid without the use of a burner. It is used for bituminous fused roofing. On the inside of the material, the protective film is removed, after which it is laid on the prepared coating. When the temperature on the street is high enough, the gluing surface of the shingles is glued to the base without help. In cold weather, a similar effect is used with thermofan. Additionally, the material can be reinforced with a special glue.

Bituminous shingles in different packages can have a different shade. Therefore, each scaffold is recommended to use a separate package. In the event that the area of the slope is large enough, several packages are used. Elements of the material are mixed, so that shades are evenly distributed throughout the coating.

It is important to remember that at high temperatures the shingles become soft and easily subject to mechanical influences (they can deform). Therefore, in such conditions, work on the roof moves with stairs or other devices.

Fixing material

Each individual element of the shingles must be fixed separately. To do this, use screw or spiked nails, as well as staples. The latter is used in the case when the bitumen tile is fixed to the base without a backing layer.

Nails should be made of metal, pre-treated with anti-corrosive substances. In individual shots, 4 nails are scored at a distance of 2.5 cm from the sides and 14.5 mm from the bottom line of the shingles.

The nails are slaughtered until their hats are at the same level as the shingles. If they protrude, the above material may be damaged, and if they are depressed, moisture will accumulate in the formed cavity, and the fasteners will eventually collapse.

The purpose of the bituminous glue is additional strengthening of the elements of the material in difficult places: abutting the shingles to the walls, on the ridge, in the valleys. Also it is used at low ambient temperature. The can is smeared with a metal spatula, and it is squeezed out of the cylinders with a special gun. If the temperature in the street is low, then the bitumen glue is preheated (it freezes already at 10 degrees of heat). The glued sheets are pressed down to the base with an effort.

Gontas

The first stage - fixing on the lining layer of the cornice and wind laths with the help of nails or screws. The nails are staggered along the entire length of the strip with a pitch of 10 cm.

After this, laying shingles for the cornices over the mounted strip is carried out. The installation of bitumen shingles depends on its variety. Some manufacturers recommend leaving a margin of 1 cm between the bottom edge of the shingles and the eaves. In other cases, a 1-1.5 cm overhang is performed over the cornice. Often manufacturers do not provide special curtain rod shingles. In this case, it is necessary to trim the usual ones and lay out the first line of the material on the cornice, pasting them in a butt-end.

The installation of the material is carried out from the eaves. The gonts are laid from the middle line of the ramp along the sides (left and right). The second row is laid so that the interval between the lower edges of the cornice row and the second line is 1-2 cm. This will create a visually straight line when viewed from the ground.

If the house, the roof of which will be covered with bituminous shingles, is in an area for which a strong wind is characteristic, then the interval between shingles decreases. This will make the coating more reliable.

How to achieve a beautiful roof?

Knowledge of the fineness of the material and practical experience is what bitumen shingles require. With your hands, you can organize an attractive design of the roof, but for this it is important to understand its design features. For example, if you circumvent the protruding elements of the roof, the interval between adjacent shingles should be a multiple of 1 m. This is done so that the subsequent rows can be mounted correctly.

Before proceeding with the laying of the material, a slope is drawn along the lining layer (litter) with the aid of an ordinary chalk, its middle line is indicated. In addition, marks are made for every 4 rows of shingles. In the event that there is a chimney or other structural element on the ramp, the vertical lines are separated from them. If the technology is observed, the roofing from the bitumen shingles will have an aesthetic and attractive appearance.

Ventilation

For a free air outlet from under the roof, holes are made in it, the diameter of which corresponds to the installed aerators. They are fixed with the help of nails or glue. After this, over their aprons lay a tile, the ends of which are cut out.

Skates and valleys

On the ridge shingles are cut along its line. After the ventilation gap has been made in the ridge, the upper roof edge is covered with a conventional or cork-shaped shingles. It is important to remember that bending the shingles without heating it can lead to the formation of cracks on it. The places of the joints of the ridge covering with the roof are covered with bituminous mastic, that is, they are waterproofed.

It is also important to remember the need for waterproofing of the ends: each shingle that enters the trough is cut off and fastened on the other side of the trough with nails or glue.