Baryshev's automatic: characteristics (photo)

The world fame of "Kalash" for decades remained indisputable. By the totality of its combat and technological qualities, this example of small arms is unrivaled among all analogs produced on our planet. However, there was a designer-gunsmith who managed to create something so outstanding that the opinion of the unquestionable superiority of the AK became controversial. This inventor is also Russian, his name is Baryshev. The machine, designed by him, shoots more accurately, more hectic and farther. A story will be about the master and his creation.

Fast-moving XX century and its weapons legends

It is believed that the twentieth century was the era of the legendary armourers. Perhaps this is true, although most of the glory they owe to two sad circumstances. The first of them consists in the increased informative saturation, the appearance of such types of means of mass notification (and fooling too), like radio, television and the worldwide computer network. But this factor can not explain the popularity of the name "Kalashnikov" in different countries, including those where most of the population and can not read. And I mean, of course, not a Lermontov character, a merchant, but his fast-moving namesake. AK circulation exceeds the number of printed copies of any book. Of course, much less than Kalashnikov, known Baryshev, the machine its design while not mass produced. To the shooting and technological characteristics of the reasons for the lack of worldwide fame have no relationship. The popularity of this model is still ahead, perhaps its design was just ahead of its time.

Beginning of the inventor's work path

This gunsmith is often called self-taught, obviously having in mind the lack of a diploma of higher education. Yes, indeed, the institute or university Anatoly Baryshev did not graduate . He created his machine, however, not relying on natural wits or folk flair. A designer was born in Istra near Moscow, in 1931, then graduated from the Kaliningrad Technical School, where, evidently, the level of knowledge was given no worse than in modern universities (at least, on special subjects). The work at the arms factories, whose main specialists were AM Lyulka and VG Grabin, contributed to the acquisition of experience, without which a real specialist can not be dispensed with. Already passing an urgent army service from 1951 to 1954, the young man made rationalization proposals for the design of shooting simulators, invented and created. In 1952, a twenty-year-old soldier realized that his goal was his own design. Baryshev could no longer be stopped.

main idea

The main enemy of accuracy of a quick-fire weapon is connected with its main advantage. When conducting fire in turns, each fighter knows that, at best, the first bullet hits the target, the rest fly at random. The reason for this is the recoil that throws the barrel up and down, to the right and to the left. If this negative factor is somehow leveled, the shooting will immediately become more accurate. Anatoly Baryshev's automatic rifle is characterized by extremely low (threefold) returns. The designer made the main invention of his life a long time, but its implementation in practice took a long time. In 1962, Baryshev himself, without a task "from above," in the order of personal initiative, began work on a special mechanism for locking the trunk channel. The path was long, ill-wishers sufficed, including among specialists who realized that this author system, if successful, could become revolutionary. Not for everyone such a result was desirable. Once it got to the point that all the development of the prospector was ordered to destroy in two days. Fortunately, this order remained unfulfilled.

The essence of the invention

The return occurs for two reasons. First, everyone from school has the famous third law of Newton, in an appendix to weapons stating that accelerating a bullet causes an oppositely directed reaction of a rifle, carbine or machine gun. The bullet is much easier, but it also flies quickly. The second reason - the work of the mechanism, instantly reacting to the shot and producing its work in a short time. If you can not do anything with the basic natural patterns, you need to think up something with locking the barrel bore, the designer decided. Baryshev's automatic machine differs from other systems precisely not rigid, but smooth, "stretched" in time working cycle. To achieve this, the elements of the locking assembly are connected in series, and in each of them a partial damping of the recoil pulse occurs. Such depreciation leads to a stabilization of the trunk position and a significant improvement in accuracy, that is exactly the result that every shooter dreams about.

Further development of the concept

If the recoil is less, this means that weapons can in principle shoot heavier ammunition, which creates conditions for the use of large calibers and even grenades. The first design presented to the high commissions was the Baryshev machine 7.62 54 mm (the length of the cartridge), then a single-purpose rifle was replenished with a rifle of the same caliber and a bicaliberal system comprising a 12.7 mm machine gun and an AGB-30 automatic grenade launcher firing 30-mm grenades. Individual weapons acquired previously not inherent in this class of firepower.

The invention needed documentary confirmation of priority, however, departmental frictions and other sad realities of late Soviet society did not allow the author to become the owner of the certificate. In 1992, the patent was still received (No. 2002195), but the outstanding achievement remained unclaimed.

Overseas epic

The automatic device designed by Baryshev is patented in a dozen countries today (China, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Switzerland, France, Italy, India, Germany, Belgium, Britain, Austria and even Ukraine). But such a pastoral picture was not always. The Czech private arms company, with whom the author concluded a cooperation agreement (the hard 90s were going through) decided, using a complicated legal situation, simply to deceive him. At the international exhibition IDET in 1995, it represented the Baryshev machine as its own exhibit, an advertising booklet adorned the photo of the sample , while the name of the inventor was not even mentioned in these printing materials. The contract was terminated.

Similarly, another company, also Czech (Czech Weapons), as early as 2014, was issuing an automatic 7-gauge Baryshev AB for its own CZW-762. It remains to be surprised at such naive attempts. However, it is possible that the manufacturer from the Czech Republic still reached some agreements with the author of the design.

In Russia

It would seem that such an interesting weapon, and even its own national author, should find application in the homeland. In addition, technologically, it is as excellent as the usual AK-47. Moreover, 60% of the details of the Kalashnikov make, with the complete uniqueness of the kinematic scheme and a completely different main idea, the design of the AB. This also manifested the genius of the author, as well as his concern for the Russian economy and minimizing the cost of re-fitting the production. Nevertheless, the automatic machine Baryshev has not yet been put into production, although those test subjects who were fortunate enough to hold arms in their hands did not restrain positive emotions. Particularly flattering reviews came from fighters of special forces, who used prototypes in real operations. By the way, in the 80s, employees and experts from the GRU and the KGB showed close attention to the brainchild of Baryshev.

Tactical and technical data

The quality of weapons is objectively evaluated by digital indicators, although not always they can describe all the features and advantages of the sample. Nevertheless, here they are, presented for convenience in the form of a table:

disadvantages

In the presence of such an important advantage as a low level of efficiency, combined with the relative simplicity of the device, due to the lack of a gas outlet in the duct design, one can not objectively evaluate the Baryshev machine without mentioning its drawbacks. The shutter group turned out to be too massive with a general "flaccid" (according to one of the testers) impression of the sample. How the impact of this knot affects the receiver, it is difficult to predict. Insufficient level of reliability was ascertained by the participants of the early tests, but it is quite possible that today this defect has already been eliminated.

Some complaints caused a delay between pressing the trigger hook and the first shot, but there's nothing to be done about it, this is a matter of principle, and a small return is due precisely to the slowness of the entire locking mechanism.

A promising sample

Undoubtedly, this machine has advantages and advantages that determine its future prospects. A small return, high accuracy and accuracy of shooting, technological simplicity and a greater degree of unification with the main example of small arms of the Russian and many other armies of the world can become the motivation for the development of mass production of AB. However, there are also constraining factors, including the need for serious investment. The budgetary costs needed to implement a new model are currently not a priority for the country's defense, where it is more important today to upgrade the nuclear shield and air defense systems that directly provide security on a global strategic scale.

Most likely, Baryshev's machines will be manufactured primarily for equipping them with special units, at least at the first stage. They are lighter than the Kalashnikovs, and they meet all the requirements for such weapons (even the butt was originally made folding).

Mass rearming of new types of rifle samples in the Soviet army took place in the postwar years, when the automatic weapons of the PPSh, issued by the industry in the amount of six million, were gradually replaced by the AK.