VAZ-2110: voltage regulator: operating principle, device, circuit and replacement

The magnitude of the electrical voltage generated by the car generator is not constant and depends on the number of revolutions of the crankshaft. In order to stabilize it, a special regulator is designed. About it, we'll talk in this article on the example of the car VAZ-2110.

What is the voltage regulator needed for?

The regulator serves to maintain the voltage in the machine network within specified limits, regardless of the generator shaft rotation speed, load, and air temperature. In addition, it provides stable charging of the car battery.

Connection diagram and principle of operation

The voltage regulator on most cars is connected to the on-board network according to the diagram below.

The principle of operation of the voltage regulator (LV) is the same as that of the relay. In other words, it opens and closes the electrical circuit. That's why the device is also called a relay-regulator. It is triggered when the specified voltage value is changed from the generator.

The first regulators had an electromagnetic structure. These were the most real relays. Modern devices are made on the basis of semiconductors. They differ in small dimensions, and in addition, they work much more accurately and efficiently. Some of them are even equipped with special alarms, which allow the driver to monitor their performance.

Voltage regulator VAZ-2110

RN "tens" also has a semiconductor structure. It is integrated in the generator, which allows you to maintain the required voltage directly at the output of the device.

Stock controller "tens" is issued under the catalog number 1702.3702. It can also be used in generators of all models "Samar".

On the new VAZ-2110 modifications, the voltage regulator can be labeled 1702.3702-01. This is a new generation of relays that are manufactured using MOSFET technology, which allows to significantly reduce the power loss at the output. In addition, these devices are more reliable and resistant to overheating.

Technical characteristics of LV VAZ-2110

The relay-voltage regulator of the VAZ-2110 generator has the following characteristics.

Symptoms of the LV

In VAZ-2110 vehicles, the voltage regulator breaks down quite rarely, but if this happens, the signs of its malfunction may be:

• Illumination of the control panel light.
• Exceeding the charge voltage of the battery.
• Insufficient battery voltage.

If the voltage regulator VAZ-2110 fails, the fuses responsible for the safety of the power supply circuit of the instrument panel may be burnt out. If the backlight lamps do not light up when the ignition is turned on, there is a possibility that the PH is guilty of this.

The same can be assumed, and when the pointer of the voltmeter, showing the level of charging the battery, deviates from its usual position, i.e. shows a greater or lesser voltage. This symptom is most often manifested when the relay-voltage regulator of the VAZ-2110 generator breaks down. And if in the second case it can cause only the discharge of the battery, then in the first it threatens with boiling of the electrolyte and destruction of the battery plates.

How to check LV on VAZ-2110 without removing it

Having found out at least one of the listed signs, do not be lazy to check on your VAZ-2110 voltage regulator. This procedure will not take more than 10 minutes. To do this, you need a voltmeter or multimeter, included in its mode, as well as an assistant. The order of verification is as follows:

1. We start the engine of the machine and warm it up to the operating temperature.
2. Without switching off the motor, we connect one dipstick of the voltmeter to the "B +" terminal of the generator, and the second - to the "mass" of the device.
3. We ask the helper to turn on the dipped beam headlights and press the accelerator pedal, keeping the revs at the level of 2000-2500 thousand rpm.
4. We measure the voltage with the device.

The VAZ-2110 voltage regulator should give out 13.2-14.7 V. This is the norm. If the voltmeter's indicators are different from those given, diagnostic measures should be continued.

Checking the removed voltage regulator

To ensure that the LV, and not the generator itself, has failed, it should be checked separately. To do this, it must be disconnected from the main unit. The procedure is as follows:

1. We remove the negative terminal from the battery.
2. Find the place of attachment of the LV to the generator. Unscrew the 2 screws of its fastening.
3. Disconnect the yellow wire from the regulator to the generator.
4. We dismantle the LV.

To diagnose the device requires a power supply with the ability to adjust the output voltage, a light bulb (12 V) with a chuck and a pair of wires. The verification algorithm is as follows:

1. We collect "control" from the lamp and wires and connect it to the regulator brushes.
2. Set the voltage on the power supply at the level of 12 V.
3. To the conclusion "D +" of the regulator we bring "plus" from the power supply unit, and to its "mass" - "minus".
4. We look at the lamp: it must burn.
5. Increase the voltage on the power supply to 15-16 V. If the regulator is in good condition, the lamp should go out. If this does not happen, the LV must be replaced.

Replacement of LV

The process of replacing the voltage regulator with special complexity is no different. All you need to do is buy a new device, check it in the above described way and install it on the generator, screwed with two screws. And do not forget to connect the yellow wire!

Three-level voltage regulator VAZ-2110

And now we will return a little back. Having discovered the malfunction of the LV and deciding to replace it, do not rush to buy the stock device. He has a good alternative - a three-level controller. How is it different from the usual? It allows you to adjust the voltage at the output depending on the air temperature, thereby optimizing the load on the battery.

Switching modes is carried out by the toggle switch in the following ranges:

• 13,6 V (minimum) - for operation at temperatures above +20 ^о С;
• 14.2 V (norm) - from 0 ^о С to +20 ^о С;
• 14.7 V (maximum) - for operation at temperatures below 0 ° C.

The three-level voltage regulator VAZ-2110 consists of two parts: the LV and the brush holder. The latter is mounted directly on the generator and connected to the first by means of a wire. The regulator, equipped with a tumbler, is attached to the body of the car in the engine compartment in a convenient location. You can install the LV independently, using the instructions that come with it in the kit.