Local computer networks and the principles of their construction

Local computer networks are usually organized within a single enterprise. Usually, they are subscribers located at a short distance. This distance is usually considered to be about 10-15 km. Installation of local computer networks is carried out with the purpose of solving the enterprise's tasks, which consist in the need for general data storage, data concentration, processing, provision of universal access for network users, and exchange of information and data within the network (including processed data).

Such networks are characterized by separate data processing. This is expressed in the fact that the user sends a request to the server and waits for a response. The server, in turn, stores the necessary information, processes the received request and returns the already processed data to the user. Local computer networks are often built on such principles, they are also conventionally called "server-client".

There are peer-to-peer networks and peer-to-peer networks , which have a special server. Local computer networks with a peer-to-peer build system are characterized by the absence of a server, and all computers perform the role of both the client and the server. Such a scheme is quite workable and can be used in small offices. Duplicate local computer networks are formed using a separate server and the rest of the computers, the data of which must necessarily be registered on the server.

Modern systems are characterized by a mixed type of construction. This means that some of the subscribers are united in a peer-to-peer structure, and the other part is a participant in the two-guard structure.

Communication channels between subscribers form nodes, while drawing them you can get a drawing that looks like a bus. Such a system has its own peculiarity. The computer can receive data continuously, but it can be transmitted only when the bus channel is free. At the time of data transfer, each participant checks whether the information is addressed to it, and accepts it, if it is the addressee.

There is a slightly different way of constructing. Conditionally it is called a star. Schematically, this system is a server that is connected in parallel to the mass of computers. Servicing of local computer networks of this kind is much more expensive than in the first version. But any malfunction can be found and eliminated in the shortest time, and the process of entering or removing from the network of any devices is not accompanied by any inconvenience.

The bandwidth of the "star" is rather high and is limited only by the power characteristics of certain nodes. Data in such networks do not collide and do not interfere with each other. Currently, combined construction technologies are often used. They are also called hybrid. This allows you to minimize the cost of networking and get rid of the drawbacks of basic building solutions. Regardless of the way in which the computers are connected on the production network, remember the security of the data and take care of the necessary encryption protocols.