ICT is ... Prospects for the development of ICT. Information and Communication Technologies

In the modern world almost all spheres of our life are closely connected with information technologies. No matter how trite this phrase may sound, it does not lose its truth from this in the slightest degree.

The defense industry and nuclear power plants, medicine and education - all this, as well as many other things today can not exist without a normally developed information support. Unfortunately, in our country this has been understood relatively recently.

Once upon a time, the foretold possibility of the existence of "bookmarks" received its documentary confirmation after exposing one notorious former CIA officer. After that, our government with a screech recognized the need to develop its own production of processors and software. So, literally a couple of months ago it was announced the creation of new computing platforms, which are completely built on domestic components. In addition, intensive work in this direction is also being carried out in the defense industry.

The whole set of such factors is denoted by the abbreviation of ICT. These are information and communication technologies, which are the basis of modern civilization. If to speak in scientific language, then this term means methods of working with arrays of information, their transmission by means of communication.

General development trends

In general, this sphere is subject to almost every second's changes and extremely rapid development. Every minute, industry leaders create new technologies that predetermine the development of all mankind for years to come. Moreover, the prestige of the country at the international level is largely determined by the development of ICT. This means that the software produced, as well as control over the information flows, allow us to determine the vector of development of our own economy, ahead of competitors on this field.

Even the most basic economic studies quickly proved that there is the most direct link between the ICT development and the welfare of a given state. The development of communication technologies provides all opportunities for rapid growth in production and other industries. In addition, if the relevant industry is developed in the country, it easily attracts foreign investments, which have a beneficial effect on the overall economic state.

Priority directions of the industry development in the country

At the present time, multiple decisions of the government stipulate the desire to enter the world leaders in the field of ICT. This means that development of broadband Internet access, connection of LTE-format and other things was finally recognized as a priority. All this in the future will help create a sustainable platform for the following:

• A sharp improvement in telecommunications capabilities, which allows the rapid development of various useful services within the country.
• The population will quickly receive all the first-hand information that interests them.
• Remote regions will be able to participate in the social life of the country much more actively.
• The effectiveness of management of industries and enterprises can significantly increase.
• The exchange of information between all participants in the management process will be significantly accelerated, which again will positively affect the overall prospects for the development of the entire state.
• It is very important that the population and authorities will establish close interaction with each other.
• Educational (informatics ICT should be used everywhere), medical and legal services, which are made possible through ubiquitous access to the network, improve the overall standard of living even in very remote areas from civilization.

Stimulating the development of business

All of the above largely stimulates the development of forms of small and medium-sized businesses. Countries that have raised their level of ICT development in international rankings (this is important, as we have already learned), can count on serious international investment. By the way, analysis of the level of its development is often used to identify the most problematic zones in politics.

Other indicators of ICT development in the country

The overall level of development of this industry in the country is expressed through the ICT accessibility index. Its formation is influenced by the quality and availability of network services and services, the cost of mobile communications and the overall coverage by base stations of the state territory. These are the most easily identifiable and revealing factors that researchers pay attention to in the first place.

For example, how interconnected is the school computer science and ICT? 9th grade of secondary school should already fully understand the basics of using computer technology in production, school and at home. In addition, students need to teach at least the basics of programming not on suede Visual Basic, but on something more modern. This is necessary in order for them to better understand the structure of ubiquitous applications. Without this, the state risks getting an army of young people whose knowledge will not extend beyond the fingerprinted interface of the tablets.

In addition, the index of use of these services (ICT use) is extremely important. This determines the number of users who really want to use the opportunities described above in their daily activities. The number of computers that are constantly connected to the Internet, the availability of websites from government agencies, the frequency of their attendance, as well as the general state of affairs in the sphere of high technologies and communications are taken into account.

The most important indicator is the environment that stimulates the development of ICT (Environment). In this vein, the state of the business and legal sphere is analyzed, the presence of competition, bogged down in innovation, as well as the overall state of the entire business infrastructure that would allow widespread introduction of modern technologies into the daily life of society.

Human factor

The indicator characterizing the development of human potential (HDI) is also very important . This coefficient takes into account the general literacy of the population, the level of education and literacy, which is calculated, taking into account also the overall life expectancy. Thus, the HDI is excellent for assigning an index to the country "developing," or "developed."

Closely related to this indicator is also the index of the general technical competence of people (ICT Skills), which shows the level of technical literacy of the society. It should immediately be noted that information and communication technology is simply impossible and pointless to develop in the event that the country simply does not have enough of at least a little more technically savvy users.

The state of the industry in our country. Priorities of development

Our country is currently repeating the same trends as the rest of the world: the rate of introduction of high-speed Internet is growing at a tremendous rate; The demand for digital content is significantly increased, not only about books, films and music, but also about educational programs and services. This shows that information and communication technologies in our country are gradually emerging at a fundamentally different level.

According to the Ministry of Communications and Communications, all these areas should become a priority in the development of the entire Russian communications industry. For many years in our country, a specialized IT department dealing with the problems of high technologies has finally appeared. Its specialists say that the high-tech industry in our country is less than 4% of the total GDP, which is unacceptably small in the world.

In this case, the use of ICT should be maximally stimulated and encouraged, since it is vitally important for us to make up the backlog in this sector.

General trends

Only in 2012 expenditures on communication services have given the world market 1.72 trillion dollars. Our direction shows steady growth, in many respects significantly ahead of foreign countries. Last year, the global growth of the industry exceeded 7%.

Volumes of the market and profitability

In our country in 2011 the volume of the information services market reached the level of 891 billion rubles. Revenues of Internet providers amounted to 199.6 billion rubles. (Only according to official data). In addition, the state sector spends more than 45 billion rubles for such services. in year. The consumer segment provides approximately 78% of the profit from the provided Internet connection services.

The market for mobile communications is growing at a titanic pace, far outstripping even many industrial enterprises. Only in 2011, and only (!) For voice communications, they received 767.9 billion rubles from subscribers, while Rostelecom's revenue in the same field was only 291.7 billion rubles.

Level of access to high-speed Internet

Strangely enough, to date, the spread of broadband Internet in Moscow and St. Petersburg is in fact similar to this indicator in the largest cities in the world: in 2010 Moscow was already 14% ahead of Berlin. Only in the Moscow region at that time at least 80% of the entire population regularly used the Internet.

In general, this indicator is much worse in the country. Thus, only 39% of all houses in the regions are connected to the network, with 38% (8.3 million households) accounting exclusively for large cities with a population of more than a million people. In addition, the use of ICT for lessons in rural schools in some cases is still a big question, because of the worn-out lines there simply do not conduct the Internet.

The complexity of the process

Despite this, the speed of Internet penetration into everyday life is growing, and the profit of providers is increasing by approximately 12% per year. During the Olympics, this figure was close to 23%.

Alas, but the connection to the Internet of each subsequent settlement is given more and more difficult. Soon it is planned to create a register of settlements in which there is no normal connection to the World Wide Web. It is very gratifying that they are also planning to establish a public reception room in which they could quickly consider all such issues.

World organizations that analyze the state of the ITC, indicate a significant backlog of our state in this matter. Thus, approximately 70% of all households in Europe are connected to the network, and in the USA this figure is even more than 80%. The leader among all countries is China, where today more than 200 million households can go online.

Prospects

So what are the prospects for the development of ICT in our state? Oh, they're just huge! The fact is that today in the state programs the principles of universal introduction in manufacture and daily life of computer technologies are incorporated.

It requires a huge number of young and educated professionals who could manage all of this. Training begins at school. So, today a lesson with the use of ICT can be done in virtually any rural school, although five or six years ago it could only be dreamed of.