Carburetor engine: equipment and characteristics

Carburetor engine is one of the types of engines with self-contained ignition, as well as external formation of mixtures.

In this mechanism, a ready-made fuel-air mixture enters its cylinders, which is most often produced in the carburetor. It can also be prepared in a gas-air mixer. And one more option: it is formed during fuel injection, which is sprayed with a nozzle.

Regardless of how the mixture is formed, and how many in the duty cycle of cycles, the carburetor engine performs its work always the same. The combustible mixture, which is in a compressed state in the combustion chamber, is ignited at any time by means of an ignition system (most often an electric spark system). The ignition from the calipers can also be used, but this is mainly in small and inexpensive engines (for example, the airplane model). Laser or plasma ignition is currently being developed.

I would like to note that the carburetor engine, or rather its types, depends on how many cycles in its working cycle. Therefore, there are engines "Otto" - they have this cycle includes four half-turn of the crankshaft, and it consists of four strokes, as well as two-stroke - their cycle includes two half-turns of the crankshaft. This type, it is worth noting, thanks to its simple design has become very popular as an engine for various units and motorcycles.

The carburetor engine can be atmospheric. He has an intake of fuel or air due to the rarefaction in the cylinder. In addition, this process is carried out under pressure, which is created by a special compressor.

It should be noted that the carburetor internal combustion engine takes almost any fuel. At one time even alcohol was used in his role. Also as a fuel liquid, you can use naphtha, propane-butane or gasoline mixtures, light gas and ethyl alcohol.

How is the carburetor engine completed? Its main part is a cylinder with a removable head. Inside, the piston is placed, and on it piston rings are located in grooves specially designed for this purpose . They do not allow the gases to break through. And they also prevent oil from getting up.

With the help of a connecting rod and a finger, the piston is connected to the crankshaft crank, and the latter, in turn, rotates in the bearings that are installed in the engine casing. A mixture of gasoline and air enters the cylinder through the inlet valve, and exhaust gases are discharged through the outlet . And yet, you can not ignore the threaded hole of the cylinder head. It contains a screwed-in spark plug. It is an electric spark that jumps between the electrodes, igniting a combustible mixture.

Despite the fact that the design of this mechanism is very simple, it is not so easy to fix it, if there are any problems. Therefore it will be necessary to carry out such a process as the diagnosis of the carburetor engine.